Neuroscience: Brain Structures and Functions for Memory, Emotion, and Sensory Processing

This brain structure is critical for forming new memories.

Hippocampus

This small

almond-shaped structure is involved in emotion processing

This structure regulates body temperature

hunger

Acts as the main relay station for sensory information flowing into the brain.

Thalamus

This part of the brainstem is crucial for autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate.

Medulla

A thick band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.

Corpus Callosum

This is the primary visual processing center of the brain.

Occipital Lobe

This brain region processes sensory information such as touch

temperature

This structure is known as the 'little brain' and is essential for motor control.

Cerebellum

Directly in front of the somatosensory cortex

it maps out areas of the body for movement.

Involved in hearing and selective listening

it houses the primary auditory cortex.

This network in the brainstem plays a key role in controlling arousal and alertness. It is essential for the sleep-wake cycle.

Reticular Activating System

This area located in the parietal cortex is the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch.

Somatosensory Cortex

Associated with speech production and located in the frontal lobe.

Broca's Area

It comprises the midbrain

pons

This brain region includes the hypothalamus

amygdala

This region is involved in the understanding of spoken and written language.

Wernicke's Area

It controls the right side of the body.

Left Hemisphere

Known as the 'master gland

' it regulates various other glands in the endocrine system.

This imaging technique measures and maps the brain's activity through blood flow.

fMRI

It controls the left side of the body.

Right Hemisphere

Located in the very front of the frontal lobe.

Prefrontal Cortex

A test that detects electrical activity in your brain using small

flat metal discs attached to the scalp.

The lobe that is responsible for problem-solving

judgment