(Unit 1) Psychology 1020: Practice Test Chapter 1 & 2

Who created the psychoanalytic theory?

Freud

A child in the concrete operational stage will not understand

abstract thinking

Psychology today is defined as the science of behavior and

mental processes.

The first experimental psychologist is recognized to be

Wilhelm Wundt.

What does the “I” stand for in I/O psychology?

Industrial

Attachment theory is primarily studied in which subfield of psychology?

Developmental psychology.

Harry Harlow showed that infant monkeys need

touch

The behaviorist view of psychology depends heavily on

learning

Dualism is the philosophy that the mind and body are

two different things

Which approach to psychology emphasizes the unconscious part of the mind?

Psychoanalytic

Which of these was one of the early schools of psychology?

structuralism

The end of the sensorimotor period occurs when an infant develops and understanding of

object permanence.

Which school of psychology emphasizes the conscious mind and good qualities, such as self-actualization?

Humanistic psychology.

Rene Descartes was a philosopher who taught that the mind was

not physical

The early school of functionalism taught that the psychology should focus on

how the mind works

Piaget is famous for his theories about

cognitive development

The strange situation is a technique for measuring

attachment

Who emphasized the unconscious part of the mind?

Sigmund Freud

Who is known as the first American psychologist?

William James

A modern approach to psychology that emphasizes biology and heredity is

Evolutionary psychology

Many different disciplines try to understand how the brain creates the mind. This new field of study is known as ____ neuroscience.

cognitive

Which approach to psychology focuses on the study of good, human qualities?

humanism

A high correlation coefficient would be:

-0.95

If the correlation between height and grades is +0.89, it means that

tall people usually have higher grades

A study finds a p value of 0.001. This means the results of the study:

are probably true

In a controlled study, the control group gets a treatment known as

placebo

If we find that rats remember better if given an injection of adrenaline before learning, then the independent variable is:

adrenalin

Clever Hans was a good example of the

experiment effect

Is a study finds that IQ scores are influenced by how bright the lights are during IQ test, then the dependent variable is:

IQ scores

Before doing an experiment, psychologists must get ethical approval from

an institutional review board (IRB)

Which approach to psychology focuses on perception?

gestalt

Which of these correlation coefficients shows an inverse relationship?

-0.48

The study of dreams shows that ____ cannot be directly measured.

mental processesthe content and meaning of dreams

In a controlled experiment, the variable that is controlled by the experimenter is called the ____ variable.

independent

An experiment found that how hungry a person felt was influenced by what color they looked at. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Hunger

How many different sub-types of psychology are there?

around 50

Which approach to psychology would be interested in hearing about your dreams?

psychoanalysis

All the sciences in Western Civilization, including psychology, have their origins in

Ancient Greece

Konrad Lorenz studied goslings that followed their mothers shortly after hatching and called this behavior _____.

imprinting.

Early psychologists were always men because women were not allowed to

get a PhD degree

Which approach to psychology does not use any mental concepts?

behaviorism

If a p-value is lower than 0.05, then the results of an experiment are called

statistically significant.

If both the subjects and the researchers who deal with subjects don’t know which group received the independent variable, then the research is called

a double bline

The study of one individual is known as a ____ study.

case

What year is recognized as the beginning of scientific psychology?

1879

In the past if a person experienced a body problem but had nothing wrong with their organic body, this disorder was called

hysteria

In science we quite often say that correlation does not prove ____.

causation

Which stage of moral development is the highest according to Kohlberg?

universal ethics

Both Piaget and Kohlberg emphasized the ____ of development.

stages

In which of Piaget’s stages does a person think abstractly?

Formal Operations

Rene Descartes was a philosopher who taught that the mind was

not physical

Hippocrates taught that hysteria was caused by a ____.

wandering womb

A psychiatrist is a

medical doctor

Dualism is the philosophy that the mind and body are

imaginary

On the pyramid of sciences, which science is located just above psychology?

sociology

Which type of psychology provides therapy?

clinical

Comparative psychologist study _____.

social situations

Materialism is the idea that the mind is composed of material. This idea falls under the theory of:

monism

Aristotle and many other early thinkers believed that the mind was located in the _____.

heart

Atonia is common during:

REM Sleep