Human Organ Systems & Common Diseases Review

These flashcards cover the vocabulary and key terms related to human organ systems and common diseases as outlined in the lecture notes.

Arthr/o

Root word meaning joint.

Chondr/o

Root word meaning cartilage.

Costa/l

Root word meaning ribs.

Ossi, oste/o

Root word meaning bone.

Arthritis

Inflammation of the joints.

Osteoporosis

A condition characterized by weak and brittle bones.

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Medications that reduce inflammation and relieve pain.

Skeletal muscle

Voluntary muscle attached to bones by tendons.

Cardiac muscle

Involuntary muscle found in heart tissue.

My/o

Root word meaning muscle.

Somatic nervous system (SNS)

Controls voluntary muscles.

Myalgia

Muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness.

Hemoglobin

Protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

Dysrhythmia

Abnormal heart rhythm.

Anemia

A condition in which the blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells.

Ventilation

Process of moving air into and out of the body.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Dehydration

Loss of water from the body.

Antibiotics

Medications that treat infections by interfering with bacterial cells.

Immunoglobulin

Antibodies produced by the immune system.

Hypoglycemia

A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels.

Vaccine

Substance that stimulates the production of antibodies.

Estrogen

Female sex hormone that regulates reproductive functions.

Hyperlipidemia

Elevated levels of lipids in the blood.

Acute Renal Failure

Sudden loss of kidney function.

Homeostasis

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions.

Inflammation

Body's response to injury or infection.