french grammar y9

grammar, general rules for verb tenses,

toujours goes after the verb

vous partez toujours

not anymore

ne… plus

ils ne sont plus ici

adjectives go AFTER the noun they’re describing

example:

un chien __**noir**__

une fille __**amusante**__

exceptions for adjectives going BEFORE the nouns

BAGS - Beauty, Age, Goodnes, Size

BEAUTY (adjectives before)

beau - beautiful

joli - pretty

vilain - ugly

AGE (adjectives before)

jeune - young

vieux - old

nouveu - new

GOODNESS (adjective before)

bon - good

gentil - nice

mauvais - bad

méchant - nasty

meilleur - better

pire worse

SIZE (adjective before)

grand - big

petit - small

gros - fat

**plus** + *adjective* + **que**

more… than

**moins** + *adjective* + **que**

less… than

**aussi**+ *adjective* + **que**

as… as

**le plus** + *adjective*

**la plus** + *adjective*

**les plus** + *adjective*

the …est

If the adjective comes after the noun, so does the WHOLE phrase:

Elle est la fille **la plus intelligente** de la classe

VS

Elle est **la plus jolie** fille de la classe

some verbs are reflexive (do to yourself/others)

example with lave

Je me lave

Tu te laves

Il/elle/on se lave

Nous nous lavons

Vous vous lavez

Ils/elles se lavent

subject

thing that does the action

object

the thing the action is done to

reflexive

the things that does the action is the thing is affected by it (washed ***myself***)

indirect object

is the things that receives the direct object

The teacher gave the ***students*** cake 

pronouns comes before the verb

Je le trouve egoiste

future je

infinitive + ai

future tu

infinitive + as

future il/elle

infinitive + a

future nous

infinitive + ons

future vous

infinitive + ez

future ils/elles

infinitive + ont

reflexive past

extra pronoun comes before etre

reflexive past example (i showered)

je me suis douché

passé composé if its vandertramp

you add an e if its feminine

after having done

après + infinitive (etre/avoir) + passe compose normal (parlé)

\
e.g *après avoir mangé*

imperfect past tense

nous form- ons + ending

jouons → jou → jouait

I was

you were

he was

we were

you (pl) were

they were

ais

ais

ait

ions

iez

aient

use imperfect when:

ongoing action, a description of a scene, a state of being, a habit

‘en‘ + when to use it

replaces the nouns, use just after the pronoun

‘en‘ + when to use it (two verbs)

between the two (on peut en acheter) before the infinitive

‘en‘ + when to use it (negative)

goes after the ne, before the verb (Je n’en achéte)

emphatic pronouns - diff people endings

moi, toi, lui, elle, nous, vous, eux, elles

emphatic pronouns - when to use

after a preposition (avec **moi**)

after chez (chez **lui**)

after que, comparisons (je suis plus grand que **toi**)

for emphasis (**Moi**, j’aime les films) - as for **me**, i like films

y - meaning, where it goes

there, to there - before the verb, after pronoun (before infinitive after verb)

y example - i like to go there

j’aime y aller

y (replaces nouns), where it goes

after pronoun, before verb

replaces a \[à + noun\]

J’y joue (golf)