LE Orthosis

Straight Set

Allows full flexion but prevents hyperextension

Polycentric Knee Joint

Uses a double axis system to mimic the action of the femur

Posterior Offset

For pt. c weak knee extensors and some hip extensor strength

Ratchet Lock

Most commonly prescribed

For knee flexion contracture

Drop Lock

Aka Drop Ring Lock

Most common before ratchet lock

Bail Lock

* Aka Pawl/Bail/Swiss/French/Schweitzer Lock
* Provides simultaneous locking of both uprights and pulling of posterior bill that unlocks the brace

Dial Lock

* Aka turnbuckle/Serrated/Fan Knee Lock
* It is like ratchet lock but more precise in managing knee flexion contracture because it's increments is every 6 degrees while ratchet lock has 12 degrees interval of locking mechanism

Knee cap

* Aka Anterior Band
* Anterior to knee secured to uprights of the straps

Genu Valgum/Varum Correction Shells

* aka straps
* It buckles one upright to pull the knee (ex. If shell is on medial, then it is anchored on lateral upright)
* Uses MediVal LaVarus

Thigh band

* Wide enough to distribute pressure
* Partial plastic thigh shell
* Low thigh band for genu recurvatum

Single Upright Orthosis

One upright

(-) medial upright

Scott Craig Orthosis

* For SCI pt. c LI level or higher
* Easiest to Donning and Doffing

Stance Control Orthosis

* It is simple and has many types
* Generally, it's design is to control the knee during stance phase (improving stability) and it allows knee flexion during swing.

Supracondylar Orthosis

Very Durable

Cannot be used bilaterally

\

Oregon Orthotic System

* Same as AFO Version (BICAAL and Corrugations)
* + Thigh Bands
* + 2 uprights

HKAFO

* Extension of KAFO to the hip region
* To gain control of Hip Motion

THKAFO

* LSO (Lumbar-Sacral Orthosis) + KAFO
* Very difficult to don (poor pt. compliance)

Cho-Pat Brace

* Chondromalacia
* Foam padded infra patellar straps that encircles the knee worn during the activity.

Palumbo brace

* An elastic sleeve with patella cut out
* 2 circumferential straps that provides dynamic tension to the crescent shape patellar pads.

Swedish Knee Cage

* For genu recurvatum
* 2 ant. And 1 post. strap
* Permits full flexion
* Prevents hypertension

Miami Brace

* Made up of thermoform plastic
* Medial suspension wedge

3-way stabilizer

* More cosmetic than swedish knee cage
* 2-uprights

CARS-UBC Orthosis (Canadian Arthritis Rheumatism Society- University of British Columbia)

* For Genu Valgum and Genu Varum
* 2 plastic cuffs (1-thigh leg, 1 leg) connected by rod

Lenox Hill Derotation Brace

* Used for pt. c ACL tears to improve stability
* Counter rotational forces

Lerman Multi-Ligamentous Knee Control Orthosis

* c condylar pads to control medial lateral stability of patella

Hip Orthoses

Indications:

* Adductor spasticity
* Hip replacement

Patellar Tendon Bearing Orthosis (PTB)

* Reduces weight at the mid/distal tibia ankle and foot
* Transfers the weight bearing to the patellar tendon and tibial flares.
* Uses a cushion heel and rocker bar for push off

Ischial/Quadrilateral Weight Bearing Orthosis

* Reduces weight at the femur-downwardly

Patten Bottom

* Reduces weight bearing of the whole LE
* Total elimination of weight bearing of the whole limb

Tibial Fracture Orthosis

* Used for 4- weeks post fracture
* Made from thermoplastics
* Has plastic able ankle joint
* Uses plastic thigh section if fracture is at tibial plateau/condyles for stability

Femoral Fracture Orthosis

* Used for fx at mid-distal 1/3 of femur
* (+) Callous formation at fx. site
* (-) pain

Dennis Browne Splint

* Used for patients with clubbed foot, hyperpronated foot, abnormal tibial torsion
* Common in toddlers

Torsion Strap Orthosis

* Has hip rotation control straps for rotation control


* Used for pt. c spastic hemiplegia, abnormal in/out toeing

Von Rosen Splint

* Has vertical strap
* Ranges from shoulder to thigh
* Also has horizontal trunk strap for securing the splint in place

Ilfeld Splint

Only has bilateral thigh bands connected by a crossbar

Pavlik Harness

* Has shoulder harness, chest strap, and anterior & posterior strap
* Has no rigid component
* Has greatest mobility among all of them

Frejka Pillow

For patient with milder and stable hip dysplasia

* Mukhang diaper pero may shoulder strap

Trilateral Orthosis

* Unilateral with single medial upright and shoe attachment
* Hold extremity in AbIR

Toronto Orthosis

May tube sa gitna

Holds extremity in AbIR

Scottish Rite Orthosis

* Has pelvic band, 2 thigh cuffs, 2 thigh joints
* Connected by telescoping rod, adjustable to lengthen/shortened position.
* Lightest and least restrictive out of the three
* Holds extremity in FAb

Caster Cart

* Initial mobility aid
* Used in children with developmental delay in ambulation and spina bifida
* Requires UE strength and trunk balance

Standing Frame

* Initial use is from 8 to 15 months
* Used after caster cart
* Used if patient is able to pull themselves up
* Has broad base, posterior non-articulated uprise, anterior leg band, and posterior thoracolumbar band

Parapodium

* Aka swivel orthosis
* Used in 2 1/2 - 5 yrs old
* Requires adequate standing frame use

Swivel walker

* Used by both children and adults


* Has two distal plates that trot slightly
* More easy to use
* Type of enabled gait: swivelling gait

Reciprocating Gait Orthosis

* Aka Hip Guided Orthosis, Bilat. HKAFO
* Initial use is for 3-6 yrs
* Provides C/L hip ext. c I/L hip flex.
* Mimics normal gait pattern

Cane

Standard Cane

Aka Single Point/ Straight Cane

Standard Adjustable Aluminum Cane

Adjustable Aluminum Offset Cane

Quad Cane

Aka Quadrupe Cane

Hemi Cane

* Has four point contacts
* Outer leg

Rolling cane

Allows an interrupted forward progression while still providing enough stability.

Laser Cane

* Helps initiating gait
* Has bright line laser across the floor

Walker

* Gives max support for patient


* Necessitate slow gait
* Patient pushes the limb in front of themselves when walking
* Useful for patients with hemiplegia, balance problems (ataxia), severe sensory deficits (fear of falling)

Axillary Crutches

Aka Standard crutches

Lofstrand Forearm Orthosis

* It has molded handpiece, forearm piece, length adjustable that is tubular aluminum.

Wooden Forearm Orthosis

* Aka Kenny Stick
* It is a wooden crutches that has a leather band on the proximal portion of forearm.
* It is first design for patients with polio
* Proximal UE muscles are functional but distal part has weakness so they can't hold or control orthosis using their distal parts.

Platform Forearm Orthosis

* Aka forearm support
* Helpful for patient with painful wrist and hand condition
* Useful with elbow flexion contracture

Triceps weakness Orthosis

* Aka arm orthosis/right triceps weakness crutches
* They resemble axillary crutches but proximally has cuff on mid-arm level/mid-arm humerus
* originally developed for patients with polio and it is rarely prescribed
* They prevent flexion or buckling of elbow during gait, hence the cuff