Lab Values and Testing Procedures

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture notes on lab values and testing procedures.

Purpose of Lab Tests

To screen, monitor, and diagnose health conditions.

Factors Affecting Lab Results

Medications, age, gender, weight, and physiological status can influence lab results.

Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)

A series of 8 tests including electrolytes, blood sugar, and kidney status.

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)

Includes BMP plus liver panel tests such as bilirubin and total protein.

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Determines the number of blood elements in relation to volume and detects abnormalities.

Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count

Measures the number of red blood cells, which carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Hematocrit (HCT)

The percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells.

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

The iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that measures oxygen-carrying capacity.

White Blood Cell (WBC) Count

Measures the number of white blood cells, important for fighting infection.

WBC Differential

Breaks down the percentage of each type of white blood cell present.

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

Indicates inflammation in the body.

Prothrombin Time (PT)

Evaluates prothrombin production related to blood clotting.

International Normalized Ratio (INR)

A standardized way to express prothrombin time regardless of testing method.

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

Measures levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Serum Chemistries

The watery portion of blood after coagulation containing various chemicals and hormones.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A method used for cancer screening by amplifying DNA segments.

Rheumatoid Factor (RF)

An antibody present in rheumatoid arthritis that can also appear in others without the disease.

Urinalysis

Examination of urine's physical and chemical properties for abnormal elements.

Fluid Analysis

Diagnostic tests on fluid samples obtained usually through centesis procedures.

Pulmonary Function Tests

Tests that measure respiratory function and identify abnormalities.