Chapter 17 world history, study guide

which radical fraction of the French legislative assembly advocated for Sweeping changes and claimed to represent the lower classes?

Jacobins

what did the treaty of London provide for?

The independency of Belgian and neutrality

The dual monarchy made Austria equal partners with which nation?

Hungarians

which Russian Czar abolished serfdom in 1861 but was assassinated in 1881?

Alexander II

which cultural movement expressed liberal concepts in the arts and literature during the late 19th century?

Romanticism

Who was the musician who bridged the gap between classical and romantic music?

Beethoven

what principle delegates specific powers to the national government and reserves others for state governments?

Federalism

what is the term for sudden and illegal seizure of power?

coup d’etat

what was the nationalist movement for Italian unification called?

Risorgimento

in what city did representatives of the victorious nations gather to restore order in Europe

Vienna

in 1814, what were the three goals of the European states men who gathered?

Restored monarchy’s, redraw the map of Europe, and maintain the balance of power.

what treaty secured Greek independence?

Adrianople

what treaty secured Belgian independence?

Treaty of London

Who were the members of the quadruple alliance and what did they agree to?

Austria, Prussia, and Great Britain. They agreed to uphold the decisions of Congress in Vienna.

what actions did the quintuple alliance take in response to revolts in Spain and Italy?

authorize military intervention, suppress military movement

what were the two leading forces stirring discontent in the 19th century?

Nationalism and liberalism

in what year was Italy unified under the kingdom of Italy?

1871

what war led to the unification of Germany under Wilhelm I?

Franco-Prussian War

name two European nations that gained independence or were unified in the 19th century

Italy and Greece

which country was spared from revolution during the 19th Century?

Great Britain

what term describes the use of any means necessary to achieve national goals?

Realpolitik