Industrial Safety and OSHA

Vocabulary flashcards covering key safety concepts, agencies, standards, and practices from the lecture notes.

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration; U.S. agency that sets and enforces safety and health standards and administers the CFR.

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations; codified federal rules governing safety, health, and related programs (administered by OSHA among others).

LOTO

Lockout/Tagout; procedures to isolate energy sources during maintenance to prevent unexpected energization; locks physically prevent reenergizing, tags warn equipment is out of service.

Lockout/Tagout Device

Devices like locks and hasps used to secure energy-isolating devices during maintenance.

Blocking

Use of physical barriers to prevent machinery movement and protect workers during servicing.

Pinch Point

A location where two mechanical parts come together, creating a risk of crush or injury.

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment; gear worn to protect against hazards (eyes, ears, feet, head, skin, hands, body).

Eye Protection

PPE designed to protect eyes; includes safety glasses, goggles, face shields for grinding, chemicals, arc hazards.

Hearing Protection

PPE such as earplugs or earmuffs to protect against high noise levels.

Hard Hats

Protective helmets; Class C/G/E ratings relate to electrical protection and voltage handling.

Safety Footwear

Protective footwear, such as safety shoes or steel-toed boots.

Outerwear

Protective outer garments (shop jackets, aprons, welding jackets, jumpsuits) used to shield skin and clothing.

Gloves

Hand protection; latex/nitrile for chemicals, leather for welding/handling, rubber insulating gloves for electrical work.

HMIS

Hazardous Materials Identification System; uses colored bars and numbers to indicate material hazards.

SDS

Safety Data Sheets; document providing information on chemical substances, including hazards and handling.

HCS

Hazard Communication Standard; requires hazards of chemicals to be communicated through labels and SDS.

PEL

Permissible Exposure Limit; OSHA-listed concentration limit averaged over an 8-hour workday.

TLV

Threshold Limit Value; ACGIH guideline for acceptable exposure levels.

REL

Recommended Exposure Limit; NIOSH guidance to improve worker safety and inform future OSHA standards.

TWA

Time-Weighted Average; average exposure over an 8-hour period.

STEL

Short-Term Exposure Limit; maximum exposure allowed during a 15-minute period.

Ceiling Value

Maximum concentration that cannot be exceeded at any time.

GFCI

Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter; protects against ground faults by interrupting current flow.

Grounding

Intentional electrical connection to the earth to ensure safe current paths.

Flammable Materials Storage

Storing flammable materials in approved cabinets and grounding dispensing containers to avoid static discharge.

JSA/JHA

Job Safety Analysis / Hazard Analysis; process to identify hazards in a job and develop safe procedures.

6S

Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain, Safety; a workplace organization method.

Confined Spaces

Enclosed or partially enclosed spaces with hazardous atmospheres, engulfment risks, or restricted entry/exit.

Electrical Safety

Measures to prevent electrical hazards, including de-energization, arc flash PPE, and using LDL (live-dead-live) testing.

LDL Test

Live-Dead-Live test; verifies a circuit is deenergized before work begins.

AED

Automated External Defibrillator; device used to restore a heart rhythm during fibrillation.

Lighting Safety

Safety considerations when lighting systems are de-energized or temporarily powered for work.

Exposure Limits (General)

Standards (OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH) dictating safe levels of chemical exposure in the workplace.

EPA/NIOSH

EPA protects public health and the environment; NIOSH is the research arm of OSHA that develops safety standards.