World History Review Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from World History lecture notes (1200-Present).

Meritocracy

Success based on talent and effort, not wealth or family.

Tribute System

Conquered areas give goods to the winner to show they're in charge.

Delhi Sultanate

Islamic kingdom in India with Hindu-Muslim tension.

Jizya

Tax on non-Muslims.

Bhakti Movement

Getting close to a god in Hinduism. The Bhakti Movement was a time in India when people started to believe that loving God was more important than following hard rules or doing big rituals. It said that anyone—no matter their caste or background—could pray to God and be close to Him.

Cahokia/Mississippian Culture

American civilizations that built big mounds and had social classes.

Mita System

Inca's mandatory public service system.

Swahili

Mix of Bantu and Arabic languages in East Africa.

Feudalism

Feudalism is a system where land is owned by kings or lords, and given to nobles or knights in exchange for loyalty and service. Common people, like peasants, work the land and give part of their crops to the lords

Feudalism - loyalty

Classes agree to loyalty for land and protection.

Three-field system

Farming by dividing land into three parts.

Caravanserai

Roadside stop for merchants.

Ibn Battuta

Muslim traveler who wrote about Islamic lands and Asia.

Neo-Confucianism

Mixing Confucianism with Buddhism and Daoism.

Sunni vs Shi’a

Ottomans vs Safavid conflict.

Tax farming

Paying for the right to collect taxes.

Devshirme

Ottomans taking boys for army and government.

Sikhism

Mixing Islam and Hinduism in India.

Portuguese Empire

Trading posts to control spice trade.

Mercantilism

Getting rich by having colonies.

Encomienda system

the Spanish king gave land and Native people to Spanish settlers. In return, the settlers were supposed to take care of the people and teach them about Christianity—but instead, many forced them to work hard without pay, like slaves. It was unfair and harmful to the Native people.

Hacienda system

Spanish land grants to important people. the rich owned the land, and the workers lived and worked there, often for very little money or in debt, so they couldn’t leave. It lasted for a long time and kept the landowners powerful and the workers poor.

Mita system (Spanish)

Spanish using Inca system to force work in mines.

Casta System

Social levels based on race in Spanish colonies.

Sunni vs Shia intensified relationship

Money fights and Atlantic Trade System/Triangular Trade

economic will

Power held by states over other countries

Casta System

Social hierarchy based on race

Enlightenment

Using observation instead of just belief

Natural rights

Rights that everyone has

Social Contract

People give up some rights for protection

Laissez-faire

Government doesn't control the economy

Industrial Revolution

Making things in factories instead of farms

Communism

Everyone is equal

Lebensraum

Taking over land

total war

Using everyone to win

Economic control (capitalism vs communism)

Economic control means how much power a government or system has over how money, goods, and services are made, shared, and used. In capitalism, control is mostly by private people or companies. In communism, control is mostly by the government.