Endocrine and Urinary Systems Review

These flashcards cover key concepts from the endocrine and urinary systems as outlined in the lecture notes.

Endocrine glands are __ organs that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

ductless

The __ system has rapid communication through nerve impulses and neurotransmitter release.

Nervous

The __ gland is the largest endocrine gland.

Thyroid

The target of stimulation in the endocrine system is __ cells in the body with a receptor for the hormone.

any

Negative feedback loops the process, whereas positive feedback loops it.

slow down; accelerate

The anterior pituitary releases hormones like TSH, PRL, and ACTH. TSH stimulates the __ gland to release thyroid hormone.

thyroid

The __ gland is located posterior to the hypothalamus and secretes melatonin.

Pineal

The __ is the control center of the endocrine system that regulates anterior pituitary hormone release.

hypothalamus

Graves' Disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes __ and is associated with too much thyroid hormone.

eye bulging

The kidney is located __ against the posterior abdominal wall and is surrounded by a fibrous capsule.

retroperitoneally

The nephron is the functional filtration unit of the kidney, consisting of a renal corpuscle and a __.

renal tubule

Renal pyramids are found in the __ of the kidney which is divided by renal columns.

renal medulla

The process by which urine is formed and involves filtration, reabsorption, and secretion is called __ formation.

urine

The __ is a fibromuscular tube that transports urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

urethra

In males, the urethra has __ and reproductive functions, whereas in females, it only transports urine.

urinary

During micturition, the __ controls the detrusor muscle and internal urethral sphincter.

parasympathetic nervous system

The __ cycle consists of menstruation, proliferation, ovulation, and the secretory phase.

ovulation

The innermost layer of the uterus is called the __, which is involved in the menstrual cycle.

endometrium

Vaginal tissue is lined with __ epithelium which is nonkeratinized.

stratified squamous

The __ gland secretes prostate fluid, which has antibacterial properties and contains PSA.

Prostate

Spermatogenesis occurs in the __ tubules of the testes where spermatogonia are located.

seminiferous

The __ is a network of tubules that collects sperm from the seminiferous tubules.

rete testis