MTT : Modern

What was discovered relating to the cause of disease?

That not all disease was caused by microbes and some were hereditary.

What did Watson and Crick discover? When?

That dna was a double helix.

1953

What was the human genome project? When?

Led by james Watson to identify the complete set of dna which makes up human beings.

1990

What become known regarding lifestyle causes for disease?

Smocking became popular in 1920s but is now known to be harmful and can be linked to many disease.

Diet become known to play a prevalent role in the developing of certain diseases.

Unprotected sex, tanning and drug taking were advised against.

What were the 9 discoveries regarding diagnosis? When did they occur? What were they used for?

What were magical bullets?

Chemical cures which attacked disease causing microbes but left the body unharmed.

Who discovered magic bullets and in what year?

Paul ehrlich in 1909 when he found that Salvarsan 606 cured syphilis

Who discovered penicillin? How? When?

Alexander Fleming.

By chance after he left a Petri dish and the mould that grew was penicillin.

1928

Who were Florey and chain and what’d they do? When?

Found that pencillin seemed to kill bacteria and that it did the same in person. They began production of it on industrial scale will help from the us government.

1941

What is penicillin?

An antibiotic that kills or limits the growth of bacteria in the body.

What advances were made to surgery?

Bleeding was solved by blood transfusions due to the discovery of blood groups

Organs transplants were successfully done

Keyhole surgery and robotic surgery

Anaesthetics were injected

When was the NHS set up? What did it aim to do?

1948 following WW2

It aimed to provide medical care to everybody that was free on the point of delivery that increased life expectancy and allowed a more accurate treatment.

What was done for the first time in 1942?

Government campaign for mass vaccination against diphtheria which led to diphtheria cases plummeting.

What government legislations were passed to aid public health?

• free school meals

• Medical checks in schools

• Clean air acts

• Smoking illegal in enclosed spaces

What did the British medical research council publish in 1950?

A study showing the correlation between lung cancer and smoking.

How was lung cancer diagnosed before and then during modern period?

Before - X-rays

After -

• Ct scans

• Injected dye which would show up on scan

• Bronchoscopes

How was it treated?

• removing all or part of the lung

• Lung transplants

• Radiotherapy

• Chemotherapy

In 1985 smoking cost the NHS — .

165 million

How did the government aim to combat lung cancer?

• 2005 = cigarette advertising completely banned

• 2007 = no smoking in public places

• 2007 = no smoking under 18

• 2015 = no smoking in cars with children

• Increased tax on nicotine products

• No displays of cigarettes in shops

• Anti-smoking campaigns