Musculoskeletal System

calc/o, calci/o

calcium

kyph/o

humpback, hunchback (posterior curvature in the thoracic region)

lamin/o

lamina

lord/o

curve, swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region)

lumb/o

loins, lower back

myel/o

bone marrow

orth/o

straight

oste/o

bone

scoli/o

crooked, bent (lateral curvature)

spondyl/o (used to make words about conditions of the structure)

vertebra

vertebr/o (used to describe the structure itself)

vertebra

-blast

embryonic or immature cell

-clast

to break

-listhesis

slipping

-malacia

softening

-physis

to grow

-porosis

pore, passage

-tome

instrument to cut

acetabul/o

acetabulum (hip socket)

calcane/o

calcaneus (heel)

carp/o

carpals (wrist bones)

clavicul/o

clavicle (collar bone)

cost/o

ribs (true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs)

crani/o

cranium (skull)

femor/o

femur (thigh bone)

fibul/o

fibula (smaller lower leg bone)

humer/o

humerus (upper arm bone)

ili/o

ilium (upper part of pelvic bones)

ischi/o

ischium (posterior part of pelvic bone)

malleol/o

malleolus (lower jawbone)

mandibul/o

mandible (lower jawbone)

maxill/o

maxilla (upper jawbone)

metacarp/o

metacarpals (hand bones)

metatars/o

metatarsals (foot bones)

olecran/o

olecranon (elbow)

patell/o

patella (kneecap)

pelv/o

pelvis

phalang/o

phalanges (finger and/or toe bones)

pub/o

pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone)

radi/o

radius (forearm bone-thumb side)

scapul/o

scapula (shoulder blade)

stern/o

sternum (breastbone)

tars/o

tarsals (bones of the mid and hindfoot)

tibi/o

tibia (shin bone)

uln/o

ulna (forearm bone-little finger side)

ankyl/o

stiff

arthr/o

joint

articul/o

joint

burs/o

bursa

chondr/o

cartilage

ligament/o

ligament

rheumat/o

watery flow

synov/o

synovial membrane

ten/o

tendon

tendin/o

tendon

-desis

to bind, tie together

-stenosis

narrowing

fasci/o

fascia (forms sheaths enveloping muscles)

fibr/o

fibrous connective tissue

leiomy/o

smooth (visceral) muscle that lines the walls of internal organs

my/o

muscle

myocardi/o

heart muscle

myos/o

muscles

plant/o

sole of the foot

rhabdomy/o

skeletal (striated) muscle connected to bones

sarc/o

muscle and flesh

-asthenia

lack of strength

-trophy

development, nourishment

ab-

away from

ad-

toward

dorsi-

back

poly-

many, much