Battery

These flashcards cover essential concepts and cases related to the legal principles of battery as discussed in the lecture.

What is a key concept from the case Fagan v. Metropolitan Police Commissioner (1968)?

A battery can occur through a continuing act.

What is defined as the Actus Reus of Battery?

The application of unlawful force, even the slightest touch, to another person.

What type of act does DPP v K (1990) illustrate?

Indirect act where harm is caused without direct contact.

In the case of Santa-Bermudez (2003), what was the defendant's omission?

He failed to inform a police officer about a needle in his pocket.

What does Mens Rea refer to in the context of battery?

An intention to apply unlawful force to another or subjective recklessness.

According to Collins v. Wilcock (1984), under what circumstances can battery occur?

Battery can occur when a police officer uses unlawful force to detain someone.

How can force be applied indirectly in battery cases?

Through the use of an object or situation that causes harm.

What does the term 'continuing act' refer to in battery cases?

A situation where the actus reus and mens rea overlap over time, such as in Fagan v. Metropolitan Police Commissioner.

What did the court decide in the case of Pegram v. DPP (2019)?

The police officer used just enough force to lawfully get the man's attention without committing battery.

What is the significance of the case R v Ireland (1997) regarding battery?

Established that unlawful application of force can occur even without direct physical contact.