The Generation of Electromagnetic waves

What was the first great unification?

Newton’s Laws of Motion

What does Maxwell’s first equation describe?

HOw an electric field is created around a charge

What is AMxwell’s first equation the full version of?

Gauss’s Law

What does Maxwell’s second equation describe?

How magnetic fields are created around charged particles

Why does Maxwell’s second equation equal zero?

There are no magnetic monopoles

What is Maxwell’s third equation?

Faraday’s Law

What is Maxwell’s final law?

Ampere’s Law, or how a changing electric field makes a magnetic field

What does Maxwell’s displacement current account for?

The changing electric field between the plates of a capacitator

Why are they called Maxwell’s equations even though he did not discover them?

He was the first to write them out in mathematical form and define what is meant by a magnetic or electric field mathematically

What happens to the electric fielld around a proton oscillating back and forth?

The electric field oscillates too

How do we detect changing electromagnetic fields?

Our eyes

What frequency does a wave need to be at to create red, yellow, green, and blue?

Red-400 trillion/sec, yellow-500 trillion/sec, green-600 trillion/sec, blue-700 trillion/sec

What equation creates the speed of light?

1/sqrt of the permeability of free space x the permeability of free space

What is the speed of light?

3×10^8 m/s

How did scientists measure the speed of light?

By measuring delay in observations of Jupiter’s moons

What describes the transfer of energy through a substance without the substance itself being transported?

A wave

What is a longitudinal wave?

When the material moves the same direction as the wave (back n forth)

What kind of wave is sound?

Longitunidal

What is a transverse wave?

When the motion of the substance is perpendicular to the direction of the wave

“the wave” in a stadium is what kind of wave?

Transverse

What is the wavelength?

The distance between two pints of a wave cycle

What is apmlitude?

The maximum height of something as a wave goes through it

Amplitude describes _______

Intensity

What is the frequency of a wave?

How many wavelengths pass through a point per second

What does wavelength times frequency get?

Velocity

What is the speed of sound?

300 m/s or 760 mph

What is faster: light or sound?

Light by a factor of one million

Why can’t anyone hear you scream in space?

There is no substance to vibrate

Why can light travel through a vacuum?

It is only a variation of electromagnetic waves, which exist everywhere

How many miles are between the Sun and Earth?

100 million

How is the speed of light represented?

c

Frequency and wavelength have an _______ relationship

Inverse

What is the visible wavelength spectrum?

400 nm to 700 nm

What is the wavelength of white?

No specific value because it is many wavelngths added on to

What is the wavelength of red?

700 nm

What is the wavelength of orange?

625 nm

What color has a wavelength of 575 nm?

Yellow

What wavelength does green have?

525

What wavelength does blue have?

450

What color has a wavelength of 400?

Purple

Give the electromagnetic spectrum from high to low wavelength

Rado, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-Ray, Gamma Ray

How do we experience infrared radiation?

As heat

What waves are used for long-distance communicatin?

Radio and microwaves

Why does your phone work even when surrounded by walls?

It can pass through walls when visible radiation cannot

Ho

Explain the mechanics of the Greenhouse Effect

Glass allows visible light to pass through, but blocks infrared

Wi-Fi frequencies are apart of the ________ spectrum

Microwave

How does a microwave emit microwaves?

By using a particle accelerator

How large are microwaves?

<1cm

Which is bigger: Visible light or microwaves

Microwaves

Can microwaves give you radiation poisoning?

No

Higher frequency means higher _____?

Energy

What makes UV radiation dangerous?

It has enough energy to break apart skin cells?

When were X-rays discovered and by who?

1895 by Wilhelm Rontgen

Rontgen discovered X-rays after he _________

Accelerated electrons at high voltages

What atoms can absorb X-rays?

Calcium

What was the first X-ray ever?

Rontgen’s wife’s hand

Where do gamma rays come from?

Atomic nuclei undergoing radioactive decay

UV, X-rays, and gamma rays are reffered to as _______ radiation

Ionizing

What is ionizing radiation?

Radiation capable of breaking apart atoms in humans