NEOCLASSICAL ART

• Many artist during the mid-17th century profited much from the nobles and the royals.

• It appears calm and clear; feelings are restrained; expressions looks complete

ARTISTS

Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825)

• He portrayed the grandeur of characters of the ancient Greece and Romans in defining and protecting the affairs of their particular state.

• Because of his art and literature it made him the prime propagandist of the revolutionaries.

• Fascinated and inspired by the past cultures of the Romans and Greeks

• His subjects are his ideal heroes he wanted to be emulated by his countrymen.

• This lines and forms of his genre are in juxtaposition of vertical, horizontal and diagonal lines to convey theatrical element.

• His subjects seen to bulge out from his canvas; they appear realistic.

MOTIFIES AND STYLES/ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES

• The death of Socrates - Socrates has been convicted for corrupting the youth of Athens and introducing strange gods, and has been sentenced to die by drinking poison hemlock. Socrates uses his death as a final lesson for his pupils rather than fleeing when the opportunity arises, and faces it calmly.

• THE OATH OF THE HORATII – three patriotic sons on the left firmly saluted in the gesture of a gladiator who is ready to die. Socrates strongly pointed upward appeared very firmed to his belief even in the face of death. The use of chiaroscuro (the play of light and dark) is subtly washed to emphasize the mood of courage, patriotism and brotherhood. His central figure is always a man, who dominates the whole scene.

JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE INGRES (1780-1867)

• He is not involve in the revolution

• He admired the post-revolution governance of emperor napoleon and his imposing personality.

• An innate gifted artist, Ingres was granted scholarship with art studies in Rome.

• He is religious since childhood

• He wanted to combine religion, history and Greek myths as motifs of all of his masterpiece.

MOTIFS AND STYLES/ ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES

• Ingres is a master of using neutral colors to depict antiquity to express the nostalgic mood of the remote past.

• His characters are revealing even in the canvas.

• He is rigorous in portraying elite woman of his time.

• The content (mood, character and idea) of his paintings are well combined by the colors and direction of line

• He is too conservative in his approach of style.

Example:

• NAPOLEAN I ON HIS IMPERIAL THRONE

• VIRGIN OF THE ADOPTION

• BLESSED MOTHER

Romantic Period

• In arts extends from about 1800-1850 in Europe and America

• A movement in arts and literature

• This period Is expressive of intense feelings

• Their works are of mystics and dreamlike quality

• In the 18th century feelings and emotions became more important than reason.

• Imagination and emotion is valued over reasons.

INFLUENCE OF ROMANTIC MOVEMENT

• It affected the moral; social and political life of the European and Americans for almost half of a century (1800-1850).

• It became the visual, musical and literary expression of man’s basic rights and his exercise of freedom.

• It contributed in the development of nationalistic pride.

• The influence of romantic era continue the 20th century expressionism and surrealism movements.

ARTISTS OF ROMANTIC PERIOD

FRANCISCO JOSE GOYA Y LUCIENTES (1746-1825)

• Studied under the virtuoso of art teacher Luzan in Zaragoza in childhood.

• He became a portraitist to the nobles and became the official painter of King Charles the IV.

• Became deaf in his midlife but still continue his paintings.

• His disposition turned to be darker than usual and appeared to be pessimistic.

• He dared to paint paranormal phenomena of ghosts and witches.

• He has ability to read human character and translate the same to the canvass is incredible.

MOTIFS AND STYLE

• His ability to use colors to reveal the characters of his subjects and to handle the gradation of their values was splendid.

• The gradation between black and purple, side by side with red emotes the bizarre and appalling atmosphere of his painting.

• Still he is able to express beauty and darkness.

• The mastery of such strokes is his tool in painting the paranormal, the witches, the lunatics and the depressed.

• Air of mysticism dominates the canvass of Goya.

• One of Spain’s greater artist.

Example:

• Third of May 1808- Goya expresses his emotions of disgust of humanity.

• ISABEL- famous masterpiece of Goya; composure of dignity and elegance is shown.

EUGENE FERDINAND VICTOR DELACROIX (1798-1863)

• Passionate in expressing sympathy of the common men by painting their energetic activities.

• He used swirling curved lines to convey emotions corresponding to strong colors

• The content of his artwork is movement.

• Loves to paint the climax of historical events and social activities

• He uses thick and rough paints in texture and subtly colors in perfect harmony.

Example:

• Christ in the sea of galilee

• Liberty leading the people

THEODORE GERICAULT (1791-1824)

• Main figure of French romanticism.

• He carried the dramatic, coloristic tendencies of Antoine-Jean Gros style and shifted the emphasis of battle painting from heroism to suffering.

• He painted the Raft of Medusa (1818-1819) a realistic portrayal of men suffering at the sea on the makeshift life raft.

JEAN-FRANCOIS MILLET (1814-1875)

• Famous for painting scenes of rural life

• The gleaners.

J.M.W TURNER (1775-1851)

• First major artist to work an open air

• He achieved freshness of vision through the use of luminous colors and bold, thick brush work.

• The use of abstraction of form and space and the use of loose washes are characteristics of his style.

• His intention is to use the inherent qualities of paint to express emotion, rather than to paint a story.

Example:

• Neapolitan fisher girls surprised, bathing in moonlight.

Additional to Romanticism

• Impressionism- an art movement that focuses on nature and landscape paintings.

• Expressionism- style of art that is charged with an emotional or spiritual vision of the world

Western Classical Plays and Operas

Theatrical forms from different Art Period

• It could be tracked from the classical period, renaissance period and romantic era.

• The Greek theater represents the theatrical form of the classical period.

• Shakespearean theater represents the renaissance period

• The opera represents the romantic era.

Greek Theater

• Early 5th century BC- great dramas were produced in Athens at this time.

• Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides- Famous tragedy writers.

• Tragedies; are based on their myths and ancient heroes themes are focused on moral issues, especially on the danger of arrogance or hubris in Greek.

• Comedies; are their way to comment and criticize the government and politicians.

• The artists enjoy a remarkable freedom of speech as they criticize their government policies and politicians of jokes and puns.

• Aristophanes- the famous Greek comic playwright, he also wrote comedies about powerful women.

• They appeal to everyone because people could relate to his characters.

Shakespearean Theater

• It based on the plays written by the great English playwright and poet, William Shakespeare during the 16th century.

• He is considered as the greatest playwright in English literature.

• His stories are about men and women with strong and weak qualities.

ROMANTIC ERA

• Uses conventional and classical music

• It uses the original language by which the musical lyrics are written (mostly in Italian, Spanish, and German)

• It has no dancing except as required by the situation for a particular actor to act.

ADDITIONAL MUSICAL PLAY

• Plautus- a roman dramatist who included song and dance routine with orchestration.

• Musical plays dramatic presentation that includes songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dancing since early 20th century musical theater stage works have been called musicals.

• Book or script- Refers to the story, character development and dramatic structure including the spoken dialogue and stage directions.