Oral Communication

Communication comes from the latin term?

Communis

which means to share and inform,ideas, feelings, etc…

Communis

it is the act of transmitting intended meanings from one entity or group to another.

Communication

is a process of sharing and conveying messages for information from one person to another within and across channels.

Communication

the source of information or message.

Speaker

the information, ideas, or through conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions.

Message

the process of converting messages into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands.

Encoding

the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or non-verbal, which the encoded message is conveyed

Channel

the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver.

Decoding

the receipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message.

Receiver

the reactions, responses or information provided by the receiver

Feedback

the environment where communication takes place

Context/Situation

the factors that affect the flow of communication

Barrier/Noise

it occurs through the medium of spoken or written

Verbal Communication

Subtypes of communication

Spoken communication, Telecommunication, Written communication, and Electronic communication

this communication occurs without words; where the five senses and whole range of body movements, posture, gesture, facial expression and silence.

Non-verbal Communication

9 non verbal communication

Touch, eye contact, facial expression, posture, gait, gesture, physical appearance, sound, silence.

follows line of authority and is generally used in organization to achieve organizational objectives.

Formal Communication

does not follow line of authority

Informal Communication

takes plcae between a health care personal and a patient behavior

Therapeutic communication

communication functions to control behaviour

Control

communication allows individuals to interact with others.

Social Interaction

communication motivates or encourages people to live better

Motivation

communication facilities people’s expression or their feelings and emotions.

Emotional Expression

communication functions to convey information

Information Dissemination

involves talking to yourself, it may be invlove deliberation.

Intrapersonal

involves talking to one or a limited number of people

Interpersonal

is an interpersonal communication between two people

Dyad

is an interpersonal communication between three or more people

Small Group

is an interaction that occurs within a person’s spiritual domain.

Transpersonal Communication

involves communicating to a wide group of people

Public Communication

takes place when individuals and groups within an organization communicate with each other.

Organizational Communication

include interacting with the public as in customer service

External

a communication settings include presentations, business meetings, and employee performance reviews.

Internal

is an intersection of approaches from different disciplines: psychology, sociology, linguistics, anthropology, and communication.

Intercultural Communication

refers to any type of media that is used to communicate with mass audience

Mass Communication

responsible for giving us views of events, issues, and people from cultures that differs from ours.

Mass Communication

this refers to the distinctive way of communicating.

Speech Style

it consists of a particular pattern of linguistic, vocal, and nonverbal behaviours.

Speech Style

refers primarily to the “the manner one communicate” than the meaning of communication.

Speech Style

This communication is private

Intimate

it is a style among intimate members of a family or friends that do not need a complete language with a clear articulation.

Intimate

is an informal language used by peers and friends.

Casual

it is the most common speech style used among friends and co-workers.

Casual

This is a group of language

Casual

it is formal and societal expectations accompany the users of this speech.

Consultative

this style is the standard one. it is best used for business and professional relationships.

Consultative

it is a professional discourse.

Consultative

This style is used in formal settings.

Formal

This use of language usually follows a commonly accepted format.

Formal

It is usually impersonal and formal.

Formal

It is the most formal speech style.

Frozen

This style of communication rarely or never changes. It is frozen in time and content.

Frozen

the use of language or words is to transmit messages, ideas, and opinions.

Speech Acts

is the act of making a meaningful utterance.

Locutionary Act

This is about the same as saying a certain sentence with a certain meaning and reference.

Locutionary Act

can be expressed through asking or answering a question, describing, providing a statement or information, or giving an assurance.

Locutionary Act

is done through the power of speech, like when someone promises, apologies, or makes an offer.

Illocutionary Act

is the effect that the utterance has one the behavior, listener, whether it was meant to or not.

Perlocutionary Act

or gestures, are conscious body movements like waving, pointing, and giving a thumbs up or down.

Kinesics

proximity references how near something is. Human beings take personal space seriously. They also interpret physical distances in interactions differently.

Proxemics

communication by touch is called ____. Touch is powerful because our emotions drive it.

Haptics

the use of time in nonverbal communication, though it carries implications for verbal communication as well. Time perceptions include punctuality. willingness to wait, and interactions.

Chronemics

The display of clothing, ornaments, jewelry, glasses, and other artifacts that have communication potential.

Objectics

the use of eye movement, behavior, gaze, and eye-related nonverbal communication.

Oculesics

a type of illocutionary act in which the speakers expresses belief about the truth of a proposition. Some examples are suggesting, putting forwards, swearing, boasting, and concluding.

Assertive

a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker tries to make the address perform an action. some examples are speaking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising, and begging.

Directive

a type of illocutionary act in which commits the speaker to doing something in the future. some examples are promising, planning, vowing, and betting.

Commisive

a type of illocutionary act in which the speaker expresses his/her feelings or emotional reactions. Some examples are thanking, apologizing, welcoming, and deploring.

Expressive

a type of illocutionary act in which brings change in the external situation. Simply put, declarations bring into existence or cause the state of affairs which they refer to. Some examples are blessing, firing, baptizing, passing a sentence, and excommunicating.

Declaration

communication is considered one way process. the message signal is encoded and transmitted through channel in presence of noise.

Linear Model of Communication

(384-322 B.C) was a greep philospher and writer born in Stagira, Northern Greece. He was also the teacher of Alexander the Great. He studied physics, logic, mathematics, etc.

Aristotle

considered as the first model of communication and was proposed before 300 B.C. most widely accepted amon all communication models.

Aristotle’s Model of Communication

is mainly focused on speaker and speech.

Aristotle Model

Aristotle Model it can be broadly divided into 5 primary elements

Speaker, Speech, Occasion, Audience and Effect

credibility of the speaker. characteristics which makes you credible in front of the audience.

Ethos

emotional bond. what you say matters to them and they can connect with it, then they will be more interested.

Pathos

sense of reason, you must present facts to the audience for them to believe in you

Logos

developed by communication theorist Harold D. Lasswell (1902-1878) in 1948.

Lasswell’s Model of Communication

(also known as action model or linear model or one way model of communication) is regarded as one of the most influential communication models.

Lasswell’s Model of Communication

focuses on encoding and decoding which happens before sender sends the message and before receiver receives the message respectively.

Berlo’s Model of Communication

Berlo’s Model has mainly, four components to describe the communication process.

Sender, message, channel, and receiver.

is the exchange of messages between sender and receiver where each take turns to send or receive messages.

Transactional Model of Communication

the model is mostly used for interpersonal communication and is also called ______

Circular Model of Communication

was created in 1948 when claude elwood shannon wrote an article “A mathematical theory of communication” in Bell system technical journal with warren weaver.

Shannon weaver model of communication.

was an american mathematician.

Shannon

was a scientist.

Weaver

is the person who makes the message, chooses the channel and sends the message.

Sender (Information source)

is the sender who uses machine, which converts message into signals or binary data. It might also directly refer to the machine.

Encoder (Transmitter)

is the medium used to send message.

Channel

is the machine used to convert signals or binary data into message or the receiver who translates the message from signals.

Decoder (Receiver)

is the person who gets the message or the place where the message must reach.

Receiver (Destination)

is the physical disturbances like environment, people, etc. which does not let the message get to the receiver as what is sent.

Noise

also known as convergence model. deals with exchange of ideas and messages taking place both ways from sender to receiver and vice-versa.

Interactive Model of Communication

built on the theory that communication is a two-way street, with a sender, and a receiver.

Osgood-schramm’s Model of Communication

who does encoding or sends the message

Encoder

who receives the message

Decoder

Person trying to understand or interpret.

Interpreter

frank dance proposed a communication model inspired by a helix in 1967, known as Helical Model of Communication.

Dance-Helical’s Model of Communication

A ____ is a three dimensional spring like curve in the shape of a cylinder or a cone.

Helix