ionization and electron affinity

ionization energy

amount of energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom

positive

is ionization energy always positive or negative?

larger

ionization energy gets ______ as you move up a column

larger

ionization gets _____ as you move across

inversely

ionization is ______ proportional to atomic radius

more difficult

the smaller an atom, the ______ it is to remove during ionization

the energy cost increases

as you remove more electrons, does the energy cost increase or decrease during ionization?

there is a massive energy barrier

what happens when a cation achieves a noble configuration in relation to ionization?

core electrons are significantly more difficult to remove

why is there a huge energy barrier with noble gases for ionization?

NO

can you remove more than one electron at a time for ionization?

Al(g)—>Al+(g)+e-, Al+(g)—>Al2+(g)+e-

what is the first and second ionization of Al (g)

gas

what state is the ionization and electron affinity process?

electron affinity

the opposite of ionization energy, adding an electron to a neutral atom in the gas phase

there is no definite trend, but tends to become more negative diagonally from bottom-left to up-right

what is the trend of electron affinity?

it can be positive or negative

what is the sign of electron affinity?

endothermic

positive EA is _____

exothermic

negative EA is ______

positive

______ EA is endothermic

negative

______ EA is exothermic

endothermic

noble gases are always endothermic or exothermic?

they have energy inside and do not want extra electrons

why are noble gases always endothermic?

exothermic

halogens are the most endothermic or exothermic?

halogens

______ are the most exothermic

they are 1 electron away from being stable

why are halogens the most exothermic?