Chemistry GCSE AQA Year 9: Acids, Bases and Salts (only for end of year!!!)

What is an acid?

. An aqueous solution containg H+ ions

. Normally made up of non-metallic elements

. pH < 7

What is the formula of sulphuric acid?

H2SO4

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid?

HCl

What is the formula of nitric acid?

HNO3

What type of salt does sulphuric acid make?

Sulphate

What type of salt does hydrochloric acid make?

Chloride

What type of salt does nitric acid make?

Nitrate

What is a base?

. Anything that neutralises an acid

. Often contains a metal

. Doesn't necessarily have a pH

What is an alkali?

. A base that dissolves in water releasing OH- ions

. pH > 7

Finish the equation: 2Na + 2H2O ->

2NaOH + H2

What is a salt?

. A neutral product of the reaction between an acid and a base

. Often aqueous

. They form the metal ion in the base replacing the hydrogen ion in the acid

metal + acid ->

salt + hydrogen

metal oxide + acid ->

salt + water

metal carbonate + acid ->

salt + water + carbon dioxide

metal hydroxide + acid ->

salt + water