Solubility Quiz

What is solubility?

The maximum amount a substance can be dissolved.

Solubility is a….

physical change.

Dissolving is a….

physical change.

What does a solvent do?

It’s what does the dissolving. Typically a liquid in examples, water is a common one.

What is a solute?

It is what dissolves. Typically a solid in examples.

What creates a solution?

A solute and solvent together when fully dissolved.

What does a solute do in a solvent?

It enters and breaks into pieces.

What does a solvent do while dissolving?

It’s molecules move out of the way to make room for the solute.

The solute and solvent mix until…

the concentration is equal throughout the solution.

True or False: The identity of the solute and solvent affect solubility.

True! Some solutes dissolve in certain solvents and some don’t.

True or False: Temperature affects the solubility of a gas.

True! Temperature causes solubility to decrease in gases, however it increases in solids and liquids.

True or False: Pressure affects the solubility of solids and liquids.

False! Pressure only increases the solubility of a gas, it has no effect on solids and liquids.

True or False: The size of the particles don’t affect solubility.

False, if a solute can be broken down because it has smaller particles the surface area is increased. This causes the RATE of solubility to speed up.

True or False: Stirring affects the solubility of a substance.

False. Stirring only affects the RATE of dissolving, which increases in solids/liquids and decreases in gases.

True or False: The rate of dissolving is affected by the amount of solute already dissolved.

True! When there is little solute, dissolving can occur more rapidly. Vice versa.

A saturated solution is…

containing the maximum quantity of solute that dissolves at that temperature.

An unsaturated solution is…

containing less than the maximum of solute that can be dissolved at that temperature.

Do all substances dissolve the same way?

No, gases dissolve differently from solids and liquids.

How can you make a solution more concentrated?

• Add more solute

• Remove/Evaporate some solvent

What is chromatography?

A technique to analyze and identify mixtures of gases, liquids, or dissolved substances.

How is chromatography analyzed?

By separating the parts of the mixture and identifying each one’s solubility. This is determined by the ability to move.

What are the 2 phases of chromatography?

• Stationary Phase - An absorbent material that does not move (i.e. permanent marker)

• Mobile Phase - A solution that does move (i.e. normal marker)

How do you calculate the retention factor?

Rf = distance traveled by solute/distance traveled by solvent

The retention factor is a…

• Physical Property

• At higher temperatures increase solubility/rate of separation

A mixture is…

 a physical combination of two or more different substances.

A suspension is…

a mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration.

A solution is…

a well‐mixed mixture

A dilute solution has…

only a little solute dissolved in the solvent.

A concentrated solution has…

more solute dissolved in the solvent.

The farther the color travels/higher RF….

the more soluble it is. Vice versa.

What occurs when you add more solute to a saturated solution?

It falls out, typically called a “precipitate".

What happens if you add more solvent to an already saturated solution?

It has room for more solute.

After swimming in the ocean, what is the solute left on your body?
Is it in higher or lower concentration in comparison to the ocean?

• Salt

• Higher, less solvent.

How do you determine how much solute dissolves at a certain temperature using a graph?

Use the x-axis for the temperature and go up to where that certain element crosses that area. The y-axis will be your answer.

If the line on a graph is going downwards then the substance is a…

gas.

True or False: Decreasing the amount of solvent increases the rate of dissolving.

False! It makes it more difficult for the solute to dissolve.

On a graph, to check the saturation of a substance you…

Check how much solute can be dissolved at that temperature compared to how much solute was dissolved in the given example.

On a graph, to check how much solute falls out or solute could be added you…

Use how much solute can be dissolved at the given temperature. If the example has more, than there would be precipitate. If the example has less, then solute can be added.

The determine on a graph which is the most/least soluble…

You see which substance can hold the least/most solute at a certain temperature.

Cations have…

a positive charge.

Anions have…

a negative charge.

If a nonmetal anion contains more than one element it is a…

polyatomic radical. (More than 1 capital letter).

Compounds are a combination of…

a cation(listed first) and an anion.

When a compound is created a precipitate is…

the part of the chemical formula that can not dissolve into the new substance. It falls out.

Gas Particles when in a solution and energy(heat) is absorbed. (Know how to do model)

Prior: Gas is in solvent.
After: Gas molecules are moving faster and spread apart. They are also escaping the solution because of energy increase.
Note: Stirring/Decreasing pressure causes a gas to escape as well.