Hydraulics MODULE 1

Hydraulics

study of the flow of water through pipes, rivers, and open-channels.

Fluid

substance whose molecules move freely past each other.

Fluid Statics

deals with fluids at rest.

Fluid

substance that will continuously deform – that is, flow under the action of a shear stress.

Fluid

a liquid, gas, or other material
that flows or continuously deform under a shear
(tangential) force.

Hydrology

the study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water throughout the earth.

Aerodynamics

Topics include lift and drag on objects

Microchannel Flow

an emerging area that involves the study of flow in tiny passages.

Fluid Dynamics

concerned with fluids in motion

Petroleum Engineering

application of engineering to the exploration and production of petroleum

Fluid Mechanics

physical science dealing with
the action of fluids at rest or in motion, and with
applications and devices in engineering using fluids.

Bio-fluid Mechanics

an emerging field that includes the study of the lungs and circulatory system, blood flow, micro-circulation, and lymph flow.

Environmental Engineering

the application of science to protect or improve the
environment (air, water, and/or land resources) or to remediate polluted sites.

Aerodynamics

study of air flow.

Hydraulics

deals with such problems as the flow of fluids through pipes or in open channels, the
design of storage dams, pumps, and water turbines, and with other devices for the control or
use of liquids, such as nozzles, valves, jets, and flowmeters.

Hydraulics

deals with the application of fluid mechanics to engineering devices involving liquids,
usually water or oil.

Metric SI

also known as the International System

• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

application of numerical methods implemented on
computers to model and solve problems that involve fluid flows

Metric System

a simple and logical system based on a decimal
relationship between the various units, and it is being used for scientific and engineering work in most of the industrialized nations, including England.

Acoustics

study of sound

Environmental Engineers

they design water supply and wastewater treatment systems for communities.

English System

also known as United States Customary System (USCS)

Accuracy

set of measurements refers to the closeness of the
average reading to the true value.

Environmental Engineers

people concerned with local and worldwide environmental issues such as acid rain, ozone depletion, water pollution, and air pollution.

Electrical Engineering

problems can involve knowledge from fluid mechanics

Atmospheric Science

study of the atmosphere, its processes, and the interaction of the atmosphere with other systems

10 to 200 micrometers

typical size of a microchannel

Units

magnitudes assigned to the dimensions

Atmospheric Science

important for predicting weather and is relevant to current issues including acid rain, photochemical smog, and global
warming

English System

has no apparent systematic numerical base, and
various units in this system are related to each other rather arbitrarily

United States

country that has not yet fully converted to the metric system.

Precision Error

value of one reading minus the average of readings.

Acoustics

Topics include production, control, transmission, reception of sound, and physiological effects of sound.

Precision

set of measurements refers to the fineness of the
resolution and the repeatability of the instrument

Significant Digits

digits that are relevant and meaningful

Accuracy Error

value of one reading minus the true value.

Petroleum extraction

involves flow of oil through passages in wells