Leading Psychologists — Major Theories & Experiments

Sigmund Freud

The unconscious and conscious mind (id, superego, ego)

Abraham Maslow

Hierarchy of needs( physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, self-actualization)

Harry Harlow

Attachment theory(emotionally is based on contact comfort,crucial for healthy development)

Carl jung

Dream analysis and archetypes (Persona, shadow, Anima/Animus, self, dreams express archetypes and unconscious conflicts)

Jean Piaget

Cognitive development in children object permanence(0-2), preoperational(2-7 egocentrism), concrete operational(7-11 logic),formal operational(11+ abstract reasoning)

Albert Bandura

Social learning theory (modeling/environment influences behaviour)

B.F Skinner

Operant Conditioning(positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, negative punishment)

Erik Erickson

Psychosocial development (8 stages of human development, each involving a major conflict)

Ivan Pavlov

Classical conditioning (natural stimulus, neutral stimulus, conditioned stimulus, natural response, neutral response, conditioned response)