zoo exam 4

Pisc

Latin for fish

Ichthys

Greek for fish

Vertebrata superclasses

Agnatha and Gnathostomata

Chordata subphyla

Urochordata, Cephlochordata, and Vertebrata

Phys

Bladder

Types of bladders

Physostomous and Physoclistous

Vertebrata classes

Myxini, Petromyrzonitida, Chrondrichtchyes, Sarcoptygii, Actinopterygii, Amphibia, Reptiles, Aces, Mammalia

Gas gland

Secretes lactic acid into rete miriable

Rete miriable

Reliable net

Otoliths

Hearing Organ

Lateral line contains

Neuromasts

Aquatic 6th sense

Electroreception

Nictitating membrane

Membrane that covers eye, similar to eyelid.

Ampuellae of lorenzini

Electroreceptors in shark head

Ovi-

Eggs

Teleost

Perfect bone fish

Estivation

Over summering/wintering adaptions

Spermatophore

Sperm packet

Paedo-

Child

Paedomorphasis

Arrested development. Retains larval characteristics but is sexually mature

Hormone that triggers metamorphasis

Thyroid hormone

Stapes bone

Bone found in tympanic membrane

Vertebrata marine classes

myxini,petromyrzonitida, chrindrichtchyes, sacroptorygii, actinopterygii

Amphibian orders

Gymnophioma, Urodela, Anura

Amphibian order Anura are

frogs and toads

Amphibian order Urodela are

Salamanders

Amphibian order Gymnophioma are

Caecilians (Naked snakes)

Largest frog

Conraua goliath, over 30cm

Globally reducing frog populations

Chytrid fungus

chordates are

deuterostomes

notochord gets replaced by

vertebrae

notochord composition

fluid filled cells surrounded by fiberous layer surronded by elastic layer.

dorsal nerve cord is

typically hollow and filled with cerebral spinal fluid

pharyngeal-

pharynx/throat

endostyle

mucus secreting structure for filter feeding

chordata subphyla urochordata

“tunicata”, “sea squirts”

Urochordata

Tunicates, sea squirs

Cephalochoreates

Lancelots or amphioxus

Vertebrata

Craniata

Vertebrata characteristics

Layered skin, muscular digestive tract, chambered heart and closed circulatory system, pericardial and pleuroperitoneal coelmic spaces, 2 kidneys tripartite brain, endocrine system, dioecious

Agnatha classes

Myxini and petromyzontida

Gnathistomata classes

Chondrichthyes, actinopterygii, sacropterygii

Paraphyletic

Taxonomic term for organisms sharing a common ancestor, but not all descendants are in the grouping

Best water conditions for oxygen

Cold, fresh, turbulent

Rete miriable are

Blood vessels that work with the gas gland