Organic Reaction Tables

Identify the reagants and reaction conditions needed for the reaction as well as what kind of reaction it is

1⁰ alkyl halide → 1⁰ alcohol

• Na—OH

  • any base with an OH^-

    • The OH is the nucleophile

• S_N2

3⁰ alkyl halide → 3⁰ alcohol

• H₂O

  • The oxygen is the nucleophile

• S_N1

ether → alcohol

• H₂O

• acidic conditions, H⁺

• S_N1 or S_N2

1⁰ alkyl halide → ether

• R’ONa

  • An aloxide salt binded to a soluble group 1a element

• S_N2

  • Low steric hindrance, therefore S_N2

  • Also called Williamson ether synthesis

Alcohol → ether

• H₃PO₄ or H₂SO₄

  • heat is needed as well

• S_N1 or S_N2

R—L (alkyl bonded to good leaving group) → alkyl halide

• Na—X

  • Sodium salt with a good nucleophile

• S_N1 or S_N2

Alcohol → Alkyl halide

• H—X

  • A halogenous acid

• S_N1 or S_N2

Alkyl halide → Alkene

• (CH₃)₃CONa

  • Also called NaOtBu, it is a strong base that is non-nucleophilic

• Heat also needed

• E2 reaction

Alcohol → alkene

• H₃PO₄ or H₂SO₄

• heat also needed

• E1 reaction

alkyne → haloalkyne

• NaH (strong base)

• R’—X, any alkyl halide

• S_N2

• carbon skeleton-altering

Alkyl halide → nitrile

• NaCN

• S_N2

• carbon skeleton-altering