Properties of alkanes
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6 Terms
Key properties of alkanes
Only contain single bonds (sigma bonds) = saturated
Hydrocarbons
CnH2n+2
Covalently bonded
Simple molecular
Relatively high bond enthalpies
Free rotation about sigma bonds
What is the shape around each carbon in the chain?
Tetrahedral shape - all C have 4 bonded pairs of electrons around them
What is the relationship between chain length and boiling point?
As chain length increases (relative molecular mass increases) then boiling point increases
Why does boiling point increase with chain length?
Number of electrons increases
Greater surface points of contact
Greater London forces
= more energy required to overcome
What is the link between branching and boiling point of isomers?
As molecule becomes more branched, boiling point decreases
Why does boiling point decrease as isomer becomes more branched?
Fewer surface points of contact
Weaker London forces
Less energy required to overcome
Note 
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