M1L1: F/E - Overview

Safe, high quality, nursing care

(Basic Concepts)

Is provided by having the knowledge of the basics of F/E balance

health

well-being

(Basic Concepts)

It is essential to achieve F/E balance in order to have good ___ and ___-___

Homeostasis

(Basic Concepts)

Health and well-being. Free from disease. Balance

Imbalance

(Basic Concepts)

Illness/disease, sick, not healthy

Keen observational status

(Basic Concepts)

- One of the most difficult aspects in nursing
- A required skill with the help of having expertise in monitoring and assessment and also managing F/E status

body temperature

(Functions of F/E)

Regulates ___ ___

joints

(Functions of F/E)

Lubricates ___

kidneys

liver

(Functions of F/E)

Lessens burden on ___ and ___ by flushing out waste products

waste products

(Functions of F/E)

Lessens burden on kidneys and liver by flushing out ___ ___

nutrients

oxygen

(Functions of F/E)

Carries ___ and ___ to cells

nose

mouth

eyes

(Functions of F/E)

Moistens tissues (___, ___, ___)

body organs

tissues

(Functions of F/E)

Protects ___ ___ and ___

constipation

(Functions of F/E)

Helps prevent ___

minerals

nutrients

(Functions of F/E)

Helps dissolve ___ and other ___ to make them accessible to the body

90%

(Body Organs: Water percentage)

Brain

75%

(Body Organs: Water percentage)

Muscles

22%

(Body Organs: Water percentage)

Bone

83%

(Body Organs: Water percentage)

Blood

50% - 60%

(Body fluid distribution)

Adult

70% - 80%

(Body fluid distribution)

Infant

40% - 50%

(Body fluid distribution)

Elderly

All age groups

(Body fluid distribution)

Who is prone to fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Infants

Elderly

(Body fluid distribution)

Who is more prone to fluid and electrolyte imbalance?

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female)

2/3 of body fluid

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female)

1/3 of body fluid

Interstitial fluid

Plasma (Intravascular)

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female)

Components of extracellular fluid (2)

80%

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female - extracellular fluid)

Interstitial fluid percentage

Interstitial fluid

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female - extracellular fluid)

Space between the cells

20%

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female - extracellular fluid)

Plasma (intravascular) percentage

Plasma (intravascular)

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female - extracellular fluid)

Fluid portion of the blood

45% solids

55% fluids

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female)

Female total body mass

40% solids

60% fluids

(Body fluid distribution: adult male and female)

Male total body mass

Intake

Output

Main causes of imbalances

decrease in intake

increase in output

Cause of deficit

increase in intake

decrease in output

Cause of excess

Oral (e.g. breastfeed)

IV

NGT Feeding

TPN

Forms of intake (4)

Sensible loss

Insensible loss

Forms of output (2)

Sensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Vomiting

Sensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Stools

Sensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Perspiration (sweat or diaphoresis)

Sensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Urine

Insensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Breathing (moisture)

Insensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Saliva (mucus)

Insensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Nasal secretions

Insensible loss

(Forms of output: Sensible or Insensible loss)

Tears