Jeremy's IT Lab | CCNA 200-301

nodes

A computer network is a digital telecommunications network which allows [...] to share resources.

Servers & clients

"[...] and [...] are also known as 'end hosts' or 'endpoints'."

client

A [...] is a device that accesses a service made available by a server.

server

A [...] is a device that provides functions or services for clients.

Yes

Can a single device be both a client and a server?

Local Area Network

What does LAN stand for?

switch

A [...] provides connectivity to hosts within the same LAN.

switch

A [...] has many network interfaces for end hosts to connect to.

Switch

"What kind of network device is a Cisco 'Catalyst'?"

Router

What kind of network device is a Cisco ISR?

fewer

Routers have [...] network interfaces than switches.

router

A [...] is used to send data over the Internet.

firewall

A [...] monitors and controls network traffic based on configured rules.

Host-based

[...] firewalls are software applications that filter traffic entering and exiting a host machine, like a PC.

Firewall

What kind of network device is a Cisco ASA?

Firewall

What kind of network device is a Cisco Firepower?

next-generation

"A firewall which combines a traditional firewall with more advanced filtering functionalities is known as a '[...] firewall'."

RJ45

What is the name of the connector on the end of an Ethernet UTP cable?

8

How many pins are in an RJ45 connector?

8

How many bits are in 1 byte?

bits

Network speeds are measured in [...] per second.

1,000 (one thousand)

How many bits are in 1 kilobit?

1,000,000 (1 million)

How many bits are in 1 megabit?

1,000,000,000 (1 billion)

How many bits are in 1 gigabit?

1,000,000,000,000 (1 trillion)

How many bits are in 1 terabit?

802

Ethernet was originally defined in the IEEE [...] standard in 1983.

100 meters

What is the maximum length of an Ethernet UTP cable?

10 Mbps

"What is the speed of an 'Ethernet' connection?"

100 Mbps

"What is the speed of a 'FastEthernet' connection?"

1 Gbps

"What is the speed of a 'Gigabit Ethernet' connection?"

10 Gbps

"What is the speed of a '10 Gig Ethernet' connection?"

802.3i

IEEE standard [...] = 10 Mbps Ethernet (10BASE-T)

802.3u

IEEE standard [...] = 100 Mbps Ethernet (100BASE-T)

802.3ab

IEEE standard [...] = 1 Gbps Ethernet (1000BASE-T)

802.3an

IEEE standard [...] = 10 Gbps Ethernet (10GBASE-T)

Unshielded Twisted Pair

What does UTP stand for?

It protects against EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)

Why are the wire pairs in a UTP cable twisted together?

2 (=4 wires)

How many pairs of wires are used in a 10BASE-T cable?

2 (=4 wires)

How many pairs of wires are used in a 100BASE-T cable?

4 (=8 wires)

How many pairs of wires are used in a 1000BASE-T cable?

4 (=8 wires)

How many pairs of wires are used in a 10GBASE-T cable?

full-duplex

A [...] connection allows both devices to send and receive data at the same time.

1 and 2

In a FastEthernet connection, a router transmits data on which pins [...]

3 and 6

In a FastEthernet connection, a router receives data on which pins [...]

1 and 2

In a FastEthernet connection, a firewall transmits data on which pins [...]

3 and 6

In a FastEthernet connection, a firewall receives data on which pins [...]

1 and 2

In a FastEthernet connection, a PC transmits data on which pins [...]

3 and 6

In a FastEthernet connection, a PC receives data on which pins [...]

3 and 6

In a FastEthernet connection, a switch transmits data on which pins [...]

1 and 2

In a FastEthernet connection, a switch receives data on which pins [...]

straight-through cable

If Auto MDI-X is disabled, what kind of UTP cable should be used to connect a router and a switch?

straight-through cable

If Auto MDI-X is disabled, what kind of UTP cable should be used to connect a PC and a switch?

crossover cable

If Auto MDI-X is disabled, what kind of UTP cable should be used to connect two routers together?

crossover cable

If Auto MDI-X is disabled, what kind of UTP cable should be used to connect two switches together?

straight-through cable

What kind of cable connects a pin pair on one end of a UTP cable to the same pair on the other end?

crossover cable

What kind of cable connects a pin pair on one end of a UTP cable to the opposite pair on the other end?

Auto MDI-X

What is the name of the feature that allows a device to automatically adjust which RJ45 pin pairs it uses to transmit and receive data?

Pair 1-2, Pair3-6

Which two pin pairs are used in a 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T connection?

Pair 1-2, Pair 3-6, Pair 4-5, pair 7-8

Which four pin pairs are used in a 1000BASE-T or 10GBASE-T connection?

SFP (Small Form-Factor Pluggable)

Fiber-Optic cables are connected to [...] transceivers in a router or switch.

Single-mode and multimode

What are the two main kinds of fiber-optic cable?

wider

Multimode Fiber cables have a [...] fiberglass core than single-mode fiber cables.

Multimode

[...] fiber cables allow multiple angles (modes) of light waves to enter the fiberglass core.

single-mode

Which allows longer cables, single-mode or multimode fiber?

multimode

Which is cheaper, single-mode or multimode fiber?

single-mode

In [...] fiber cables, light travels straight through the fiberglass core at a single angle.

802.3ae

10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, and 10GBASE-ER were defined in the IEEE [...] standard.

802.3z

1000BASE-LX was defined in the IEEE [...] standard.

550 meters (multimode)

1000BASE-LX maximum cable length:

5 kilometers (single-mode)

400 meters

10GBASE-SR maximum cable length:

10 kilometers

10GBASE-LR maximum cable length:

30 kilometers

10GBASE-ER maximum cable length:

UTP

[...] cables emit a faint signal outside of the cable, which can be detected and copied.

UTP

[...] cables are vulnerable to EMI (electromagnetic interference).

Open Systems Interconnection

"What does 'OSI' stand for?"

7

The OSI model is divided into [...] layers.

Layer 7 - Application

Which layer of the OSI model interacts with software applications on a computer?

Layer 7 - Application

Which layer of the OSI model includes HTTP and HTTPS?

Application

Which layer of the OSI model identifies communication partners and synchronizes communication?

encapsulation

The process of adding additional headers and trailers to data before it is sent over the network is called [...]

de-encapsulation

The process of removing headers and trailers from data received over a network is called [...]

same-layer

Interaction between the same OSI layer on different devices is called [...] interaction.

adjacent-layer

Interaction between the different OSI layers on the same device is called [...] interaction.

Layer 6 - Presentation

Which layer of the OSI model translates between data formats?

Layer 5 - Session

Which layer of the OSI model establishes, manages, and terminates connections between the local and remote applications?

Layer 4 - Transport

Which layer of the OSI model segments and reassembles data for communications between end hosts?

Layer 4 - Transport

Which layer of the OSI model provides host-to-host communication?

Layer 7 - Application

Which layer of the OSI model provides process-to-process communication?

Segment

What is the name of the Layer 4 PDU?

Layer 3 - Network

Which layer of the OSI model provides path selection between source and destination?

3

Routers operate at Layer [...] of the OSI model.

Layer 3 - Network

Which layer of the OSI model provides logical addressing (IP addresses)?

Layer 3 - Network

Which layer of the OSI model provides connectivity to end hosts on different networks?

Packet

What is the name of the Layer 3 PDU?

Frame

What is the name of the Layer 2 PDU?

Layer 2 - Data Link

Which layer of the OSI model provides node-to-node connectivity?

Layer 2 - Data Link

Which layer of the OSI model detects and corrects Physical layer errors?

2

Switches operate at Layer [...] of the OSI model.

Layer 1 - Physical

Which layer of the OSI model defines physical characteristics of the medium used to transfer data between devices?