Comprehensive Study Guide & Quizlet for Colonial America to Civil War

Which colonies were known for Puritans and strict religious beliefs?

New England Colonies

Which colonies had large plantations worked by slaves?

Southern Colonies

What activities were common in New England Colonies?

Fishing, whaling, shipbuilding

Which states are part of the New England Colonies?

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island

Which groups were common in the Middle Colonies?

Artisans, Quakers, farmers

What was the first permanent English settlement?

Jamestown

Which states are part of the Southern Colonies?

Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina

What crops were commonly grown in the Southern Colonies?

Tobacco, cotton, rice, indigo

What was the Lost Colony of 1582?

Roanoke

Where was the House of Burgesses located?

Southern Colonies

What type of labor was common in the South in 1650?

Indentured Servants

What was the Pilgrim government agreement called?

Mayflower Compact

Which states are part of the Middle Colonies?

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

What was New Netherlands renamed?

New York

What is the House of Burgesses?

First legislative assembly in the colonies

What does Salutary Neglect refer to?

Britain let colonists govern themselves

What war led to increased taxes on the colonies?

French and Indian War

What does 'Alter or abolish' describe?

Social contract

How did natural rights influence colonists?

Supported independence

Which Enlightenment thinker influenced Thomas Jefferson?

John Locke

Who gives rights according to the Declaration?

God at birth

What can people do to bad governments?

Abolish it

What happened during the Boston Massacre?

British fired into a mob

What treaty recognized American independence?

Treaty of Paris 1783

Who was the commander of the Continental Army?

George Washington

What document begins with 'When in the Course of Human events...'?

Declaration of Independence

What act required housing British soldiers?

Quartering Act

What are the three inalienable rights mentioned?

Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness

Who authored Common Sense?

Thomas Paine

What is the separation of powers?

Legislative, Executive, Judicial

What was the New Jersey Plan?

One house Congress

What does unicameral mean?

One house

What is popular sovereignty?

Power rests with the people

How were slaves counted for representation?

Population and taxation

What is federalism?

Federal and state shared powers

Who supported a strong central government?

Federalists

What event caused the revising of the Articles of Confederation?

Shays' Rebellion

What was the bicameral legislature plan?

Virginia Plan

What is the purpose of checks and balances?

President veto / Congress passes

Who supported the Constitution?

Federalists

What was NOT a power under the Articles of Confederation?

Levy Taxes

What is the definition of federalism?

Power shared between state and national

What was the first written plan of government?

Articles of Confederation

How many states were needed to amend the Articles?

13 states

What does limited government mean?

Officials subject to law

What case established Judicial Review?

Marbury v. Madison

Who did the Democratic-Republicans trust?

Common people

What was Hamilton's argument for the National Bank?

Necessary and Proper Clause

Why did Jefferson oppose the bank?

Constitution didn't allow it

Which states opposed Hamilton's plan?

Southern states

Why did Washington leave office?

No third term

What did Washington believe political parties would do?

Divide America

What was the French bribery scandal called?

XYZ Affair

What is the purpose of the Cabinet?

Advise the President

What was the Federalist view of government?

Strong central government

What act made publishing against the government illegal?

Sedition Act

What was Jefferson's economic view?

Favored agriculture

What treaty was made with Spain regarding the Mississippi?

Pinckney's Treaty

What did the Embargo Act of 1807 do?

Forbid foreign trade

What precedent did Washington set?

Two-term limit

What act prevented immigrants from voting?

Alien Act

What was NOT part of Hamilton's plan?

Slave tax

What was Hamilton's vision for the economy?

Manufacturing and trade

What was Washington's foreign policy?

Neutrality

What does impressment mean?

Kidnapping sailors

What is the National Anthem of the U.S.?

Star-Spangled Banner

What was NOT a result of Jackson's presidency?

War of 1812

What treaty ended the War of 1812?

Treaty of Ghent

Where were the Cherokee removed to?

Oklahoma

What is the belief in God-given expansion called?

Manifest Destiny

Who was president during the Trail of Tears?

Andrew Jackson

Why was New Orleans important?

Trade center

What was the cost of the Mexican-American War?

$15 million

What was the 'Corrupt Bargain' election?

Election of 1824

What was Texas before statehood?

Independent nation

What does nullification mean?

Refusing federal laws

What treaty ended the Mexican War?

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

What caused the border dispute?

Rio Grande vs Nueces River

Who was an education reformer?

Horace Mann

Which group practiced polygamy?

Mormons

What method did Frederick Douglass use for abolition?

Speeches

What was the Second Great Awakening?

Religious revival

Who authored the Declaration of Sentiments?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Who was a mental health reformer?

Dorothea Dix

What was the biggest issue of Manifest Destiny?

Spread of slavery

What does temperance mean?

No alcohol

Which state was a free state in the Compromise of 1850?

California

What was the rule of the Missouri Compromise?

Slavery below 36°30′

Who decided on popular sovereignty?

People of territory

What was the Dred Scott ruling?

Blacks not citizens

What was the response to Lincoln's election?

Southern secession

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act allow?

People decide slavery

What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Act?

Return escaped slaves

Which state was the first to secede?

South Carolina

What does sectionalism mean?

Loyalty to region