Chapter 8 LBM

diaphysis

the long bone has two poles or ends connected by a shaft also known as ______

compact bone

The outer portion of a long bone is composed primarily of

medullary cavity

compact bone provides protection for an inner hollow, cylindrical central core or ________

periosteum

For bone, this dense fibrous membrane that is composed of multiple layers is known as _____

osteoblasts

bone-forming cells

distal epiphyses

the ____ are found at the terminal ends of an unarticulated long bone and have complimentary architecture to the structures of adjacent bones

articular cartilage

In line with this departure in function to the shaft, the connective tissue found covering these ends, known as; is more elastic in nature than covering found along shaft to aid in facilitating smooth movement

spongy bone

This seemingly random arrangement of bony spicules and hollow pockets is known medically as

hematopoiesis

This specific cellular formation process of all blood cell components is known medically as

phalanges

the specific long bones that comprise the structural support for our hands and feet are called

dactylitis

the resultant anatomical structures for which phalanges are foundation can be inflamed, in a condition called

orthopedist

physician specializing in musculoskeletal disorders

podiatrist

doctor specializing specifically in the diagnosis and treatment of the feet.

gout (gout arthritis)

In this condition, an accumulation of uric acid crystals is often found in the joints and surrounding soft tissue.

phalangectomy

is the medical term used to annotate such a procedure since when dissected it literally means excision/removal of these bones, that is, those of the digit.

computed tomography

This diagnostic imaging technique would provide Dr. Splinter with a representation of the relationship between both skeletal and soft tissue structures. Image generation is achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area of interest while measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles

complicated fracture

a break in which the bone(s) have caused damage to an internal organ (in this case the lung)

reduction (open reduction)

The use of this surgical intervention will involve making an incision across the fracture area, the exposed ends of the rib(s) are realigned or reduced medically speaking then plates are affixed with screws to stabilize the bones as they heal

arthritis

joint inflammation

diarthrotic

freely mobile synovial joint

tendinopathy

diseased state of the tendons

exacerbation

flare-up of symptoms

osteopenia

decrease in bone mass

arthrocentesis

surgical puncture of a joint using a needle

synovial fluid

lubricating fluid found within the joint capsule

arthralgia

joint pain

bacteremia (septicemia)

bacteria in the bloodstream

skeletal (voluntary, striated)

muscles under voluntary control

myasthenia gravis

weakness of eye muscle and other facial muscles is an early sign of a neuromuscular disorder _____

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

muscular dystrophy

patients experience progressive muscle mass deterioration and thus weakness yet not often noted in facial muscles until later in their disease course; literally means difficult development pertaining to muscle

ankyloid

resembling stiffness.

spondylolisthesis

slipping of vertebrae

chondrodesis

fixation of cartilage

myelocyte

bone marrow cell