Imperialism

What were the main motives to imperialize other countries?

• To bring western culture and education to the lesser

• The Industrial Revolution- created a demand for more raw materials, markets and cheap labor

• Nationalism

• Concept of social darwinism

• Spread Christianity

How large is the Continent of Africa in miles?

5,000 miles north to south, 4,600 miles east to west

Which direction does the Nile River flow?

South to North, into Mediterranean

What did the European countries decide to do about Africa at the Berlin Conference?

Decided to divided the continent between themselves to avoid war.

Name the two countries that were still independent after 1880

Ethiopia (absynnia) and Liberia

Colony

Territory controlled directly by a foreign government

Imperialism

One’s country domination of the political, economic, and social life of another country.

How did European nations manage their colonies?

Direct and Indirect rule

How did European Nations acquire their colonies?

Treaties, purchased land, using force

What European country controlled Australia, India, and South Africa?

Great Britain

Why were European countries able to take over parts of Africa and Asia? (external forces)

• Maxim Machine Gun

• Railroads and Steamships

• Drug Quinine

Nationalism

A feeling of extreme loyalty to one’s country, it created political rivalry’s

Social Darwinism

A type of racism

What was the purpose of the Indian national Congress?

To call for independence

Who were the Sepoys?

Indian soldiers

What were some positive things that Europeans did for their colonies?

• Spread Western thinking and Christian beliefs

• Maxim gun- World’s first automatic machine gun

• Railroads and steam ships- Allowed Europeans to travel in Africa and keep communications open

• Drug quinine- Help Europeans to fight malaria

What was the cause of the Sepoy rebellion?

Animal fat, either from cows or from pigs, played an important role in the Sepoy’s religion. Cow and pig fat greased the cartridges from the new rifles the British supplied them with

Name the two religions that were at odds in India?

Hinduism and Muslim

Which inventions from the industrial revolution helped to motivate the imperialism era?

The demand for more raw materials, markets, and cheap labor; steam power

How did the outcomes of imperialism motivate nationalism in Africa and Asia?

Allowed both groups to speak out against unjust, actions and treatment (ex. Ghandi, Nelson Mandela)

Protectorate

A territory that has its own government, but is guided by a foreign government

Economic imperialism

An independent but less developed nation that is controlled by private business and interests instead of a foreign government

Sphere of influence

An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment of trading privileges

In the Soweto demonstrations, how many people were killed (South Africa)?

More than 600

Which two European languages was most often spoken in Africa (Look at map of colonial Africa)?

Afrikaans and English

What other part of the Indian population did Gandhi try to help (Think of which people were abused)?

South Africa

List Gandhis four principles and what year did he die?

Nonviolent protests, Ahimsa: Non-violence and reverence for all life, love, Satyagraha: “soul force”. He died in 1948

Gandhi’s spinning cotton was a symbol of what for India?

The national movement

Why did Liberia remain independent?

European countries respected them diplomatically

What impact did imperialism have on Africa?

Imperialism disrupted traditional, African ways of life, as well as politics, organization, and social norms

How are the natives treated under imperialism?

Indigenous people were banned from speaking their languages or practicing their cultural traditions, religious and rituals

How many years did Nelson Mandela stay in prison?

27 years

When did South Africa end the Apartheid?

1994 (first election colored people could vote in)

Apartheid

• literally “apartness”

• (in South Africa) a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race

How long did England control India?

• 89 years

• 1858-1947

Define Raj

British authority in India

Who was the leader of the Muslim League?

Mohammed Ali Jinnah