THEOLOGY III - FALL FINAL 2025

TEST: Dec 11, 2025

Sacrament

An outward sign instituted by Christ to give grace.

Revelation

God’s selfdisclosure to humanity.

Sacred Scripture

The inspired written Word of God (the Bible).

Sacred Tradition

The living transmission of the faith through the Church.

Judaizers

Early Christians who taught that Gentiles must keep Jewish laws to be saved.

Gnosticism

Belief that God is not divine and human, physical matter is evil

Arianism

A heresy denying the full divinity of Christ.

Magisterium

The teaching authority of the Church.

Ecumenical Council

A worldwide gathering of bishops to define doctrine.

Apostolic Succession

The passing on of apostolic authority through bishops.

Deposit of Faith

The complete body of revealed truth (Scripture + Tradition).

Typology

Interpretation of Old Testament events as foreshadowing Christ.

Christocentric

Centered on Christ.

Theophanies

Visible manifestations of God.

Covenant

An agreement between God and humanity.

Todah

A Hebrew thanksgiving sacrifice.

Passover

Jewish feast remembering Israel’s liberation from Egypt.

Liturgy

The Church’s official public worship.

Atonement

Making amends for sin; reconciliation with God.

Paschal Mystery

Christ’s Passion, Death, Resurrection, and Ascension.

Patronage

Spiritual protection or advocacy by a saint.

Faith

Belief in God and trust in His revelation.

Grace

God’s free gift of divine life.

Sanctifying Grace

Grace that makes the soul holy and God’s dwelling place.

Actual Grace

God’s help in particular moments to do good.

Cruciform

Shaped like a cross.

Ad Orientam

Facing east (toward liturgical east) during worship.

Altar

The table of sacrifice in the church.

Tabernacle

The place where the Eucharist is reserved.

Sacramentary

The book containing prayers for Mass (now the Roman Missal).

Lectionary

The book of Scripture readings for Mass.

Crucifix

A cross with the image of the crucified Christ.

Icon

A sacred image used especially in Eastern Christian worship.

Chalice

The cup holding the Precious Blood.

Ciborium

A vessel holding the consecrated hosts.

Paten

A plate that holds the host at Mass.

Advent

Season preparing for Christ’s birth and second coming.

Christmas

season celebrating the Incarnation and birth of Christ.

Ordinary Time

Liturgical season focusing on Christ’s ministry and teachings.

Lent

Season of penance preparing for Easter.

Holy Triduum

Three days recalling Christ’s Passion: Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday.

Easter

Season celebrating Christ’s Resurrection.

Pentecost

Feast of the Holy Spirit’s descent and the Church’s birth.

Sacred Chrism

Consecrated oil used in sacraments and dedications.

Wisdom

Gift that sees all things from God’s perspective.

Understanding

Gift enabling deeper grasp of divine truth.

Knowledge

Gift to see creation in relation to God.

Counsel

Gift guiding right moral decisions.

Fortitude

Gift giving courage to do God’s will.

Piety

Gift fostering love and reverence for God.

Fear of the Lord

Gift inspiring awe and avoidance of sin.

Transubstantiation

The change of bread and wine into Christ’s Body and Blood.

Confiteor

The penitential prayer beginning “I confess…”

Homily

A sermon explaining Scripture during Mass.

Credo

The Creed, a profession of faith.

Anaphora

The Eucharistic Prayer.

Epiclesis

Calling down the Holy Spirit to sanctify the gifts.

Anamnesis

The memorial of Christ’s saving work.

Pater Noster

The “Our Father” prayer.

Sin

A deliberate offense against God.

Original Sin

Humanity’s fallen state inherited from Adam and Eve.

Actual Sin

Personal sins we commit.

Mortal Sin

Grave sin that destroys sanctifying grace.

Venial Sin

Lesser sin that wounds but does not break our relationship with God.

Contrition

Sorrow for sin with the intention to avoid it.

Penance

Act to repair the harm caused by sin.

Absolution

The priest’s forgiveness of sins in Confession.

Ordination

The sacrament making bishops, priests, or deacons.

Cardinal

A high ranking church official who advises the pope and elects his successor.