Joint Classification and Movement

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary and concepts related to joint classification, movement, and associated injuries and conditions from the lecture notes.

Fibrous joints

Joints joined by dense fibrous connective tissue; no joint cavity.

Synovial joints

Joints with bones separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity.

Amphiarthrosis

A type of joint that allows some movement.

Diarthrosis

A type of joint that allows free movement.

Synchondroses

Cartilaginous joints where bones are united by hyaline cartilage.

Symphyses

Cartilaginous joints where bones are united by fibrocartilage.

Bursa

A fluid-filled sac that decreases friction between structures.

Tendon sheath

An elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon.

Flexion

Decreasing the angle of a joint.

Extension

Returning to the anatomical position.

Hyperextension

Extension beyond the anatomical position.

Abduction

Movement of a limb away from the midline.

Adduction

Movement of a limb towards the midline.

Circumduction

Moving the limb in a circular, cone-like motion.

Elevation

Moving a joint in a superior direction.

Depression

Lowering a joint in an inferior direction.

Glenohumeral joint

A ball-and-socket joint allowing for flexion, extension, and rotation.

Elbow joint

A hinge joint that allows for flexion and extension.

Tommy John Surgery

Surgical repair of the ulnar collateral ligament.

Menisci

Cartilages in the knee joint that act as shock absorbers.

Osteoarthritis

Arthritis resulting from normal aging.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Arthritis caused by a chronic autoimmune disease.

Gouty arthritis

Arthritis caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals.