Classification U.1 L. 1

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Taxonomy

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18 Terms

1

Taxonomy

identifying and classifying animals

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2

Importance of Taxonomy

Helps farmers see broccoli v. weeds, doctors medicie vs. disease

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3

Classification

The organization of life forms and indication of evolutionary relationships.

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4

Linnaeus

The creator and father of taxonomy who established the binomial nomenclature system.

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5

Binomial Nomenclature

A two-part naming system for organisms, consisting of the Genus and Species, e.g., tiger = Panthera tigris; first name uppercase, second name lowercase, both in italics.

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6

Species

A group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring.

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7

Biological Species Concept

A definition based on the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspring.

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8

Morphological Species Concept

A definition based on the physical appearance and structural forms of species.

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9

Phylogenetic Species Concept

A definition based on the genetic similarity and evolutionary history of a species.

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10

Ranks of Taxonomy

The hierarchical classification from broadest to most specific:domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.

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11

Taxon

Each rank in taxonomy is called a taxon (plural:taxa).

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12

Mnemonic Device

"Dude keep pond clean or froggy gets sick" helps remember the ranks of taxonomy.

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13

Phylogenetic

The study of evolutionary history based on morphology and DNA.

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14

Phylogenetic Tree

A diagram that shows the anatomical, physiological, and molecular common characteristics between species.

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15

Anatomy

The structure of organisms, used to classify how closely species are related (a branch of morphology).

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16

Physiology

The study of biochemical and internal processes, including the chemical functions of organs.

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17

Cladogram

A diagram that illustrates the relationships between organisms and their ancestors based on shared characteristics.

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18

Clade

A group of organisms that share a common ancestor.

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