PROTOZOANS

Motility: Progressive; finger-like pseudopods
C. inclusion: Ingested RBC

Entamoeba histolytica (trophozoite)

No. of Nuclei: FOUR
Karyosome: small and central (BULL’S EYE)

Entamoeba histolytica (cyst)

Treatment for E. histolytica?

Metronidazole

Gold Standard for E. histolytica

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Intestinal amebiasis characteristic and presence of what?

FLASK SHAPE ULCER; Presence of Charcot-Leyden Crystals

ANCHOVY SAUCE LIKE (Odorless)

EXTRAINTESTINAL AMEBIASIS

what shows in liquid stool and formed stool in E. histolytica?

Liquid stool: TROPHOZOITE
Formed stool: CYST

Epidemiology leading cause of parasitic deaths in order.

1. Malaria

2. Schistosomiasis

3. Amoebiasis

The TROPHOZOITE of E. histolytica formed like…

GROUND GLASS APPEARANCE

Motility: Non-Progressive; Pseudopods
C. Inclusion: Dirty looking cytoplasm

Entamoeba coli (trophozoite)

No. of Nuclei: EIGHT
Karyosome: Large and Eccentric

Entamoeba coli (cyst)

what is the cytoplasmic inclusion of CYST in E. coli?

“BROOM STICK”

small race of E. histolytica and NO INGESTED RBC

Entamoeba hartmanii

Smallest Amoeba; same as rbc

Endolimax nana

KARYOSOME of Endolimax nana

BLOT LIKE

Shape: Ovoid; Ellipsoid
No. of Nuclei: One to Four (CROSS EYED)

Endolimax nana (cyst)

Only amoeba with just ONE NUCLEUS in cyst stage

Iodamoeba butschlii

Most Prominent in Iodamoeba butschlii

Large glycogen vacuole

The UNINUCLEATED CYST of Iodamoeba butschlii can form..

Basket of Flowers

First amoeba recovered from Human specimen

Entamoeba gingivalis

can form only TROPHOZOITE

Entamoeba gingivalis

Diagnosis of E. gingivalis?

1. Mouth scrapings

2. Vaginal and cervical materials

Problem in gums, inflammation in a dental?

Pyorrhea alveolaris

E. gingivalis can be found where?

GUMS, THEETH SURFACCE, GUMS POCKETS

Can be found in PIGS and MONKEYS?

Entamoeba polecki

E. polecki highest prevalence occuring in?

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Motility of E. polecki

Sluggish; Undirectional

Cytoplasmic inclusion of Entamoeba polecki?

Ingested bacteria

Found in APES and MONKEYS

Entamoeba chatonii

Most commonly studied non-pathogenic spx

Naegleria gruberi

Pathogenic to mice

Naegleria australiensis

Pathogenic to mice at high doses.

Naegleria philippinensis

Naegleria fowleri TROPHOZOITE can be found in

CSF and TISSUE

(Clinical manifestation)
Upper N. fowleri
Lower N. fowleri

Lower: KERNIG’S SIGN
Upper: PRIMARY AMOEBIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS

N. fowleri can be found in..

warm bodies of water- lakes, streams, ponds and swimminng pool

N. fowleri can able to survive up to what temp?

46 degrees celsius

What culture medium used to diagnose the Naegleria fowleri?

Balamuth medium

DRUG OF CHOICE in Naeglaeria fowleri

Amphotericin B

“Trojan horse of the microbial world”

Acanthamoeba spp.

Acanthamoeba spp. Karyosome resembles as what

“Thorn like”

Acanthamoeba spp. can survive in

CONTACT LENSE SOLUTION

Acanthamoeba spp CYST

roundish with ragged edges

Clinical manifestations of Acanthamoeba spp.

Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis

3 specimen of choice in acanthamoeba spp.

1. CSF

2. Brain tissue

3. Corneal scrappings

Acanthamoeba staining of cyst and trophozoite

CALCOFLUOR WHITE: CYST
HEMATOXYLIN/EOSIN: TROPHOZOITE

GOLD STANDARD of acanthamoeba spp.

Axenic culture

DRUG OF CHOICE in acanthamoeba spp.

Propamidine isethionate

What are the other agents of acanthamoeba like infections (4)

1. Balamuthia mandrillaris

2. Sappinia spp.

3. Vahlkampfia spp.

4. Hartmanella spp.

LARGEST RPTOZOAN PARASITE

Blastidium coli

motility of B. coli

rotary; boring