unit#3: climate quiz

climate

average weather predicted in certain region for long time

average annual temperature

average temperature of every single day in a year

continental climate

not influenced by ocean; bigger temperature range

maritime climate

influenced by ocean

milder weather

temperature range

difference between highest+ lowest temperature

jet stream

fast current of air that goes from east to west

relief precipitation

rain/snow after moist air goes up over mountain

convectional precipitation

rains because of warm moist air going into clouds

frontal precipitation

rain b/c of hot+ cold air coming together

front

boundary between two air masses

leeward side

side sheltered from wind 

windward side

side that faces the wind blowing

prevailing winds

blow in same direction+ region

rain shadow

doesn’t get lots of rain b/c it’s blocked by mountains

climate graph

shows average temperature/ precipitation over a period of time

climate change

long-term shift in average weather

albedo

how much sun is reflected

greenhouse gas

traps heat in earth’s atmosphere

global warming potential

shows how much heat one tonne of greenhouse gas traps compared to same amount of carbon dioxide

monsoon

changes in wind that make season very dry or rainy

rotation

earth spinning around

revolution

earth moving around sun

seasons

tilt+ revolution

equinox

sept. 21+ March 21

equal length of day+night

solstice

dec 21+ june 21

dec. 21- shortest day

june 21- longest day

what are the four factors that influence climate? + why

latitude-close to equator=more sun, less seasons/temperature range

altitude- higher you go=cooler

maritime/continental-ocean makes it colder+ wetter+less temperature range

pressure systems- makes wind

whats the GWP + cause for CO2

GWP= 1

cause= breathing

whats the GWP + cause for methane

GWP = 21

cause= cow farts

whats the GWP + cause for nitrous oxide

GWP= 206

cause=laughing gas

whats the GWP + cause for CFCs

GWP= 11000

cause= fridges

what is the latitude of the tropic of cancer?

23.5 degrees N

what is the latitude of the tropic of Capricorn?

23.5 degrees S

what causes a high + low albedo

give an example of each

brighter object= higher albedo

eg. snow

reflect little sunlight/absorb heat= low albedo

eg. forest

why is ice important for our climate?

bc it has a high albedo + holds onto carbon

why are forests important to the climate?

they take in + release CO2 for photosynthesis

support many animals+ plants

what is deforestation?

getting rid of trees

what do cool/warm ocean currents do?

cool currents=move water towards equator + reduces temp/precipitation

warm currents= move water away from equator+ increases temp/precipitation