MGT 131_Values, Attitudes, and Job Satisfaction

values

• represent basic convictions that “a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence”

• They lay the foundations for the understanding of attitudes and motivation and because they influence perception. They tend to be relatively stable and enduring. (Robbins)

milto rokeach

the two types of values is terminal and instrumental. someone based a study on this—who was it?

terminal and instrumental

what are the two types of values by milto rokeach?

terminal values

• refers to desirable end-states of existence; goals that a person wants to achieve in his or her lifetime

  • a comfortable life, an exciting life, a world at peace, equality, salvation, social recognition

instrumental

• refers to preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving the terminal values

  • ambitious, open-minded, cheerful, courageous, loving,

polite

1. veterans

2. boomers

3. x’ers

4. nexters

4 dominant work values in today’s workforce

veterans

• entered the workforce at 1950s-1960s

  • hardworking, conservative, conforming, loyal to org

boomers

• entered the workforce at 1965s-1985s

  • success, achievement, ambition, dislike authority, loyalty to career

x’ers

• entered the workforce at 1985-2000s

  • work/life balance, team-oriented, dislike of rules, loyalty to relationships

nexters

• (entered workforce at 2000 to present)

  • confident, self-reliant but team-oriented, entrepreneurial, with loyalty to both self and relationships, financial success; like feedback, entitled

1. power distance

2. individualism vs collectivism

3. masculinity vs femininity

4. uncertainty avoidance

5. long-term vs short-term orientation

6. indulgence vs restraint

hofstede’s six value of dimensions of national culture

power distance

• degree to which people in a country accept that power in institutions and orgs is distributed unequally

individualism vs collectivism

• degree to which people in a country prefer to act as indivs. than grp members

masculinity vs femininity

• degree to which values such as achievement, assertiveness, competition, acquisition of money and mat goods prevail

• degree to which people value relationships and show sensitivity and concern for others’ welfare. preference for cooperation, modesty, caring for weak and quality of life

masculinity

• degree to which values such as achievement, assertiveness, competition, acquisition of money and mat goods prevail

femininity

• degree to which people value relationships and show sensitivity and concern for others’ welfare. preference for cooperation, modesty, caring for weak and quality of life

uncertainty avoidance

• degree to which ppl in a country prefer structured over unstructured situations

long-term vs short-term orientation

• cultures look to the future and value thrift and persistence while the other one values the here and now

indulgence vs restraint

• stands for a society that allows free gratification of basic and natural human drives to enjoy life & have fun

• stands for a society that suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it by means of strict social norms

attitudes

• evaluative statements–either favorable or unfavorable– concerning objects, people or events

cognition, affect, behavior

3 components of attitude

cognition

• value statement

  • discrimination is wrong

affect

• emotional segment of an attitude

behavior

• an intention to behave in a certain way towards someone or smth

• attitudes are less stable than values

affect

which component of attitude is this?
“i dislike my superior!”

cognition

which component of attitude is this?
“my superior gave a promotion to a coworker who deserved it less than me. my supervisor is unfair”

behavior

which component of attitude is this?
“i’m looking for other work. i’ve complained abt my superior to anyone who listened.”

consistency

people seek ________ among their attitudes and between their attitudes and their behavior

cognitive dissonance

– any incompatibility that an individual might perceive between two or more of his/her attitudes or between his/her behavior and attitudes.

importance, specificity, accessibility, social pressure, direct experience

5 attitude-behavior relationship: moderating variables

importance

• important attitudes tend to show a strong relationship to behavior

specificity

• the more specific the attitude, the more specific the behavior

accessibility

• attitudes that are easily remembered are most likely to predict behavior

social pressure

• discrepancies between attitudes and behavior likely to happen due to this to behave in a certain way that hold exceptional power

direct experience

• attitude-behavior rel is stronger if the person has a _____ personal ______ with.

attitudes are used to understand an action

does behavior influence attitude?

productivity

• leads to satisfaction

• happy organizations (not necessarily employees) are more of this.

consistent negative rel between job satisfaction and absenteeism but correlation is moderate

consistent ______ rel between ______ and _______ but correlation is _______

negatively related

whats the rel between satisfaction and turnover?

satisfaction level

what is less important in predicting turnover for

superior performers since they get pay raises and recognition?

organizational citizenship behavior

OCB means?

customer satisfaction and loyalty

Satisfied employee increase what 2 things?

employee’s job dissatisfaction

dissatisfied customers also increase..?

exit, voice, loyalty, neglect

4 ways that employees express dissatisfaction

exit

• employee dissatisfaction expression

• leaving the org

voice

• employee dissatisfaction expression

• suggesting improvements, discussing problems w/ superior or some union activity

loyalty

• employee dissatisfaction expression

• passively but optimistically waiting for conditions to improve

neglect

• employee dissatisfaction expression

• passively allowing conditions to worsen, including chronic absenteeism or lateness, reduced effort and increased error rate

sonic

rmr it. say sonic for next