Medical Terminology - Chapter 10

A ___ is a lifesaving incision into te windpipe.

tracheotomy

An involuntary muscle contraction of a bronchus is ___.

bronchospasm

Visually examining the bronchi is ___.

bronchoscopy

The condition of ___ is air in the chest cavity.

pneumothorax

The surgery ___ is removal of a lung.

pneumonectomy

Inflammation of the outside lining of the lung is called ___.

pleuritis

Difficulty breathing is known as ___.

dyspnea

Having to sit up straight to breathe is known as ___.

orthopnea

Sputum is ___ that is coughed out.

phlegm

A lung infection is known as ___.

pneumonia

The presence of pus in a fluid makes it ___.

purulent

A barking type of cough s characteristic of ___.

croup

A lung sound that indicates the presence of phlegm is ___.

rhonchi

The term ___ refers to a decreased amount of oxygen in the body.

hypoxia

A bronchodilator is a good medication for ___.

asthma

Fluid between the lung and the lung cavity wall is called ___.

pleural effusion

A spirometer is used during this test for firefighters.

pulmonary function test

Damage to the alveoli with this condition is nonreversible.

emphysema

This tests for cancer cells in the lungs or bronchi.

sputum cytology

This genetic condition produces thick mucus that must be drained.

cystic fibrosis

The blood for this test comes from an artery, not a vein.

ABG’s

It takes a long time to recover from this communicable disease even with medication.

tuberculosis

This is a test for cystic fibrosis.

sweat test

This is a test for tuberculosis.

intradermal skin test

The windpipe is medically known as the ___.

trachea

A physician that surgically treats lung and thoracic cavity conditions is called a ___.

thoracic surgeon

The alveoli can be described as ___.

thin air sacs covered with capillaries

___ is the term for breathing food or fluid into the lungs.

aspiration

Asthma does NOT cause ___.

• airway constriction

• allergies

• inflammation

• excessive mucus production

allergies

Children with croup have a characteristic ___.

barking cough

What is a genetic condition that produces very thick mucus in the lungs and digestive tract?

cystic fibrosis

A lung condition most commonly found in premature infants is ___.

IRDS

Pneumothorax can be defined as which of the following?

• air trapped in the pleural cavity

• air blocked from reaching the alveoli

• air sacs infected with bacteria

• air flowing in and out of the alveoli

air trapped in the pleural cavity

The definition of rales is a ___.

crackling airway sound

Thoracocentesis is done in order to ___.

remove fluid from the chest cavity

Rapid breathing is called ___.

tachypnea

The combining form spir/o in the term spirometer means ___.

breathing

An infectious lung disease that causes inflammation and calcification in the lungs is ___.

tuberculosis

Which of the following is a test that measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?

arterial blood gases

Which acronym describes a sign of dyspnea but not an underlying condition?

SOB

How is the result of a TB Mantoux test determined?

diameter of swelling at injection site

What is a pulmonary embolism?

blood clot obstructing a pulmonary artery

For what condition is a sweat test done?

cystic fibrosis

What is the meaning of sputum?

mucus coughed up and spit out

Which of the following is a highly contagious viral infection of the airways?

influenza

Having an insufficient amount of oxygen in the body is ___.

hypoxia

Pertaining to the pleura is also termed

pleural

___, a severe and highly contagious viral lung infection with high fever, threatened worldwide epidemic in 2003.

SARS

A record of the brochus is a

bronchogram

Spirometry is defined as

the process of measuring breathing

A malignant lung tumor that originates in the bronchi is called

bronchogenic carcinoma

The process of recording the bronchus is called

bronchography

What is the central region of the thoracic cavity between the lungs called?

mediastinum

Which disease may be caused by allergies and results in bronchospasm, excessive mucus production, inflammation, airway constriction, wheezing, and coughing?

asthma

Thick mucus secreted by the mucous membranes lining the repiratory tract is called

phlegm

___ is a diagnostic procedure to assess repiratory function by using a spirometer to measure air flow and lung volumes.

PFT

A condition in which the lung tissue collapses is called ___.

atelectasis

A pulmonary embolism is a blood clot or air bubble in the pulmonary artery. What does the combining form in embolism mean?

plug

What term means shallow breathing?

hypopnea

Ther term meaning broncus producing is ___.

bronchogenic

___ are thing-walled air sacs at the end of bronchioles.

alveoli

Surgical repair of the trachea is ___.

tracheoplasty

Collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity is called ___.

pneumothorax

The ___ is the tube that carries air from the throat down into the chest; it is commonly called the windpipe.

trachea

Pneumonocentesis is defined as

lung puncture to withdraw fluid

The process of visually examining the bronchus is

bronchoscopy

A thoracotomy is the procedure in which

an incision is made in the chest

A term for pain within the pleura is

pleuralgia

The condition in which lung tissue retains an excessive amount of fluid, resulting in dyspnea, is ___.

pulmonary edema

___ is the condition in which alveolar walls are destroyed, leading to overinflated alveoli.

emphysema

Placing a tube through the mouth and into the trachea to maintain an open airway and facilitate artificial ventilation is ___.

endotracheal intubation

The inner layer of the pleura, called the ___ pleura, covers the lungs.

visceral

What is the combining for for dust?

coni/o

What is the combining form for breathing?

spir/o

Py/o is the combining form for

pus

Suffix for spitting

-ptysis

Atel/o is the combining form for

incomplete

The combining form steth/o means

chest

Term for breathing in an upright position?

orthopnea

Term used to describe bradypnea and hypopnea

hypoventilation

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia, and hypoxia; also called adult respiratory distress syndrome

Aerosol therapy

medication suspended in a mist so that it may be inhaled; often delivered by a nebulizer or metered-dose inhaler

Aer/o

air

Antitussive

medication to relieve the urge to cough

Tuss/o

cough

Arterial blood gases (ABGs)

laboratory test for levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide present in blood

Arteri/o

artery

-al

pertaining to

Asphyxia, asphyxiation

lack of oxygen that can lead to unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately; some common causes are drowning, foreign body in respiratory tract, poisoning, and electric shock; also called suffocation

Aspirate

inhaling fluid or foreign object into airways

Asthma

disease caused by various conditions, such as allergies, and resulting in bronchospasm, excessive mucus production, inflammation, airway constriction, wheezing, and coughing

Atelectasis

condition in which lung tissue collapses, preventing respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Atel/o

incomplete

-ectasis

dilated

Bronchodilater

medication that cuses bronchi to dilate

Bronch/o

bronchus

Bronchogenic carcinoma

malignant lung tumor that originates in bronchi; often associated with a history of cigarette smoking

-genic

producing

Carcin/o

cancer