POL 102 final

Centre vs. Periphery

Centre = central Canada, where most people live

Periphery = interest or need of the centre

What are the communication system in Canada?

* Canada Post
* Telegraph, telephone, radio, TV
* CBC

What is the primary industries?

natural resource production

What is the secondary industries?

refining & manufacturing

What is the tertiary or service industries?

transportation, communications, trade, business services, public administration

How are senates assigned seats?

based on regions

What is the requirement for SCOC?

* 3 from Quebec
* 3 from Ontario
* 1 from each region

What was a regional disparity in 1935?

Regional economic development programs provide advantages for businesses that choose to establish themselves in that region

How was the regional disparity in 1935 dealt with?

Equalization payments

what is regional alienation?

Feeling of detachment from the rest of the country

Which province was affect by regional alienation?

Quebec, Alberta and the west

What is an economic disparity in Canada?

* The rich: Ontario, Alberta, BC
* The poor: Maritimes
* Intermediate: Quebec, Manitoba, Saskatchewan

What is a treaty?

binding & legal agreement between sovereign states, setting out on-going rights & obligations

What is a reserve?

land set apart for occupancy by a Status Indian band, with imposed borders

What is a traditional territory?

off-reserve land used for generations for hunting, gathering and fishing

What is a ceremonial sites?

sites anywhere that are of spiritual or cultural significance

What is colonialism?

Practice of a government in one part of the world acquiring, creating and maintaining human settlements in another part of the world

What is coercion?

use of military force & political power

What is exploitation?

extract raw materials & utilize indigenous populations as cheap labour

What is paternalism?

Indigenous populations seen as inferior and in need of assistance

What is the Indian act?

It defines what is a reserve, band, and Indian is

What did the Indian act cause?

* Loss of status, especially for women
* Outlawed many Indigenous conventions and cultural activities

What is the 1969 White Paper?

* dismantle Indian Act and Indian status
* Gives responsibility of Indian affair to provinces

What were the reaction to the white paper?

* Shock and outrage
* No recognition of Indigenous rights
* No Indigenous participation in policy making

What did section 35 of the Constitution Act in 1982 do?

* Indigenous people were recognize
* Include Indian, Inuit and Metis people
* Treaty rights now include rights of land claim by agreement

What happen in the quiet revolution?

* Jean Lesage’s liberals won the provincial election
* Hydro Quebec
* 2nd largest pension fund
* Control over immigration, taxation and social policy

What was the official languages act?

* Equal status for English & French at the federal level
* Right to work/service in federal government in English or French
* Support for minority language communities

What happen in the 1970 October Crisis?

* FLQ kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Laporte
* Quebec requested troops
* FLQ killed Laporte

What is sex?

Caused by birth

What is gender?

Caused by socialization - a person’s concept of themself

What is intersectionality?

Overlapping of disadvantages like a women that is black, disabled, and gay

What protected women in section 28?

* Right to maternity leave
* Rape-shield law
* Battered wife defence
* Disability plan discrimination
* Not excluding women from jobs due to sex

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What was the first wave of feminism?

Political rights

What was the second wave of feminism?

Legal, Social, and Economic Rights

What was the third wave of feminism?

Individuality and Intersectionality

What was the fourth wave of feminism?

Social Movements facilitated by social media

What active citizenship?

any actions that promote & sustain democracy

What does formal active citizenship look like?

Political participation like voting

What does informal active citizenship look like?

Volunteering to improve communities

What is political participation?

Volunteering in a way to influence section of government leaders

What is the Dunning-Kruger effect?

overestimate their own abilities while underestimating the competence of others.

What is democratic deficit?

insufficient democracy compared to ideal or potential, which can result in

What is the result of democratic deficit and why does it occur?

* Democratic backsliding
* “Regular” democracy has not producedsatisfactory results, so people are morewilling to elect

What did the first national policy do?

* protect against America land ambitions
* Complete the national railway
* High tariffs against the USA to encourage more factory in other country

What was the Oka crisis?

The Oka town wanted to build golf course expansion & condo on Indigenous land

What was the Ipperwash crisis?

Indigenous land was used during the WW2 but never returned