Experimentation on animals

Raise ethical concerns (reɪz ˈɛθɪkəl kənˈsɜrnz)

To bring up moral issues about something

Eg: Animal testing raises ethical concerns because it causes unnecessary suffering.

Lack scientific accuracy (læk ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈækjʊrəsi)

To not be precise or reliable in scientific research

Eg: Many drugs tested on animals lack scientific accuracy when applied to humans.

Severely harm (sɪˈvɪrli hɑrm)

To cause serious damage or negative effects

Eg: Animal testing can severely harm both ethical values and scientific reliability.

Ethical standards (ˈɛθɪkəl ˈstændərdz)

Moral principles that guide actions

Eg: Scientific research should adhere to ethical standards to avoid animal cruelty.

Inhumane and unethical (ˌɪnhjuˈmeɪn ænd ʌnˈɛθɪkəl)

Cruel and morally wrong

Eg: Using animals in painful experiments is inhumane and unethical.

Cause severe skin irritation, chemical burns, or eye damage (kɔz səˈvɪr skɪn ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃən, ˈkɛmɪkəl bɜrnz, ɔr aɪ ˈdæmɪʤ)

To result in serious harm to the skin, eyes, or body due to chemical exposure

Eg: Many cosmetic products are tested on animals, causing severe skin irritation, chemical burns, or eye damage.

Compromise scientific accuracy (ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈækjʊrəsi)

To weaken the reliability of research results

Eg: Animal testing may compromise scientific accuracy since animals do not react the same way as humans.

Biological systems (ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈsɪstəmz)

The bodily functions and processes of living organisms

eg: Human biological systems differ significantly from those of animals, making animal testing unreliable.

Human trials (ˈhjumən traɪəlz)

Medical tests conducted on human subjects

eg: Over 90% of drugs tested on animals fail in human trials due to biological differences.

Alternatives to animal testing (ɔlˈtɜrnətɪvz tu ˈænɪməl ˈtɛstɪŋ)

Different methods that can replace animal experimentation

Eg: There are now more ethical and effective alternatives to animal testing.

Computer simulations (kəmˈpjutər ˌsɪmjəˈleɪʃənz)

A technology that models real-world processes digitally

eg: Scientists use computer simulations to predict drug reactions instead of testing on animals.

Vast amounts of medical data (væst əˈmaʊnts ʌv ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈdeɪtə)

A large collection of health-related information used for research

eg: AI can analyze vast amounts of medical data to improve drug development.

Eliminating the need for animal testing (ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə nid fɔr ˈænɪməl ˈtɛstɪŋ)

Removing the necessity to use animals in research

eg: Technological advancements are eliminating the need for animal testing.

Virtual human models (ˈvɜrʧuəl ˈhjumən ˈmɑdəlz)

Digital representations of human physiology used in research

eg: Virtual human models allow scientists to conduct drug tests without using animals.

Fulfill various scientific objectives (fʊlˈfɪl ˈvɛriəs ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk əbˈʤɛktɪvz)

To achieve different research goals

eg: Modern technology can fulfill various scientific objectives more accurately than animal testing.

Scientific progress (ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈprɑɡrɛs)

Advancements in knowledge and discoveries in science

eg: Scientific progress should prioritize ethical research methods over animal testing.

Firmly believe (ˈfɜrmli bɪˈliv)

To strongly hold an opinion or conviction

eg: I firmly believe that alternative methods are more ethical than animal testing.

Ethical integrity (ˈɛθɪkəl ɪnˈtɛɡrɪti)

The quality of maintaining moral and ethical principles (tính toàn vẹn đạo đức)

eg: Scientific research must uphold ethical integrity by avoiding animal cruelty.