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political effects
tsar refused to share power with russian parliament(duma) → became the biggest opposition, aug 1915 tsar become commander-in-chief = blamed directly for defeats
social effects
germany blocked russian trade routes = taxes risen to pay for war → arranged loans from russian allies (increasing debt), printing money caused inflation made worse by bad harvest
economic effects
social effects - conscription = decreased food production = less food for the population = suffering and starvation-related deaths. + due to economic effects, increased in unemployment rates
triggers for february revolution
mutiny in the army
food shortages in petrograd
international women’s day march
the tsar’s failure in war
provisional government
formed by 12 members of duma comittee after tsar abdicated(march 1917) with approval of petrograd soviet( elected members)
alexander kerensky
member of both the pg and ps; became leader of provisional government in july 1917 -> made mistakes
kerensky's mistakes
failed to control the bolsheviks
supported continuation of war
acted against ruling classes (not in favour of conservatives)