AP ART HISTORY

#1 Apollo 11 stones

#1 Apollo 11 stones

-Namibia, Africa -25,500-25,300 B.C.E. -Charcoal on stone -Not sure what animal it is -Found in rock shelter in the Huns mountains -Buried on the floor of the cave

#2 Hall of the bulls

-Lascaux, France -15,000-30,000 B.C.E. -Paleolithic Europe -Charcoal + pigment on stone -Discovered in 1940 -Twisted profile -One of the first paintings with a male in it

#3 Camelid Sacrum

-In the shape of a canine -Tequixquiac, Mexico -14,000-7,000 B.C.E. -Made of bone -Found by an engineer working on a drainage product

#4 Running Horned Woman

-Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria -6,000-4,000 B.C.E -Pigment on Rock -Scale and perspective used

#5 Bushel with ibex motifs

-Susa, Iran -4200-3500 BCE -Painted terra cotta -Made of clay -Tiny detailed animals on pot -Perspective is better

#6 Anthropomorphic stele

-4th millennium BCE -Sandstone -Arabian peninsula -3ft tall -Used to mark a grave -3ft tall

#7 Jade cong

-Liangzhu, China -3300-2200 BCE -Carved Jade -Carvings made by rubbing sand and wire -Found in burial sites -Made by rubbing sand and wire

#8 Stonehenge

-Wiltshire, UK -Neolithic Europe -2,500-1,600 B.C.E -Sandstone -Something to do with the cycles of the sun -20-24ft tall -50 tons

#9 The Ambum Stone

-Ambum Valley, Enga Province -Papus, New Guinea -1,500 B.C.E -Greywacke -Anteater -Used to ground things up

#10 Tlatilco Female Figurine

-Central Mexico, site of Tlatilco -1,200-900 B.C.E -Ceramic -2 faces and connected bodies were common on these figurines

#11 Terra Cotta Fragment

-Lapita Solomon Islands -1,000 B.C.E -Terra Cotta -Made on volcanic islands -Used a technique called dentate stamping

#12 White Temple and its Ziggurat

-Mudbrick + whitewash -3200-3000 BCE -Iraq -Where you pray -Handmade bricks -City of Ur at the time

#13 Palette of King Narmer

-3000-2920 BCE -Greywacke -Egyptian -The unification of 2 kingdoms -So valuable, can't leave the country -Used to mix makeup

#14 Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna

-Iraq -2700 BCE -Gypsum with white shell + limestone -Found 12 buried in a temple -Big eyes to seem attentive -Square curly beards were common

#15 Seated Scribe

-2620-2500 BCE -Painted limestone -Egyptian -His eyes are made from partly crystal -His name was cut off from the bottom -Probably found by thieves looking for money

#16 Standard of Ur

-2600-2400 BCE -Wood +stone inlays -City of Ur -For rulers -Found in tombs for rulers -Ur is present day Iraq

#17 the great pyramids of giza

-2550-2490 BCE -Cut sandstone/limestone -Egyptian -Only of the 7 wonders still around today -They used to be white

#18 King Menkaura and queen

-2490-2472 BCE -Greywacke -Egyptian -They don't know if the women is the wife, mother,etc so that's why it says queen only -Carved in little block forms like a graph

#19 Steele of Hammurabi

-Basalt -1780 BCE -Babylonian -Steele refers to whole thing -Code is the bottom -The god is giving Hammurabi the code -The bottom has writing

#20 Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall

-Karnak -1500-1250 BCE -Sandstone, mudbrick -12 central columns -247 acres -Angled to the sun

#21 Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut

-c. 1473-1458 BCE -rock cliff + red granite -Causeway ramps -Mourgue for Hatshepsut, female Pharaoh -Built on a cliff

#22 Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters

-1353-1335 BCE -Limestone -Egyptian (Amarna period) -Slim skinny people -3 daughters in picture

#23 Innermost tomb of Tutankhamun

-1323 BCE -Gold with inlay of enamel + semi precious stones -Egyptian -He was a pharaoh -Innermost coffin, the third one

#24 Last judgement of Hu-Nefer

-c.1275 BCE -painted papyrus scroll

#25 Lamassu from Sargon II

-Limestone -721-705 BCE -Assyrian -For protection at the front doors -Winged bulls with the head of a man

#26 Athenian Agora

-600 BCE -150 CE -Stone, Marble -Greek -Meeting place, city center -Athenian men went there -Originally made as a place for markets, but later on added government things and temples.

#27 Anavysos Kouros

-Archaic Greek -530 BCE -Marble+paint -Kouros means young man -Gravestone marker -Archaic period

#28 Peplos Kore from the Acropolis

-530 BCE -Marble with paint -Archaic Greek -Kore means female figure clothed -Found om the Acropolis -Not sure what she is wearing, she may be a goddess

#29 The sarcophagus of spouses

-Etruscan -Terra cotta -520 BCE -Top comes off -Shows man and women (uncommon) -Archaic smile -Found in acropolis

#30 Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes

-Persepolis, Iran -520-465 BCE -Limestone -72 columns -24 meters tall

#31 Temple of Minerva + Apollo sculpture

-c.510-500 BCE -Original temple wood, mudbrick,tufa -Terra cotta sculpture -Etruscan -3 chellas -Archaic smile

#32 Tomb of the Triclinium

-Etruscan -c. 480-470 BCE -Tufa + Fresco -Extremely painted -Had a door (door to the afterlife)

#33 Niobides Krater

-460-450 BCE -Clay, red figure technique -Greek -Mixing dish for water and wine -Attic red figure -Apollo and Artemis are killing 14 people because their mother said they were better than them.

#34 Doryphoros (spear bearer)

-Original bronze (marble copy) -Polykleitos -450-440 BCE -He's relaxed -Used to hold a spear

#35 The Acropolis

-Athens Greece -Iktinos+Kallikrates -447-424 BCE -Marble -Temple dedicated to goddess Athena -Poseidon & Athena offer a gift to Athens and they choose Athena's gift. Thats why the city is called Athens. -Inside was a giant sculpture of Athena

#36 Grave Stele of Hegeso

-Marble + paint -c.410 BCE -Attributed of Kallimachos -Greek -Low relief -Grave stone -Shows private life of a female (women were modest)

#37 Winged Victory of Samothrace

-Hellenistic Greece -c. 190 -Marble -Commemorate a famous naval battle they won -On the front of a marble ship -Goddess of victory

#38 Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon

-Hellenistic Greece -c.175 BCE -Marble -High relief

#39 House of the Vettii

-Pompeii, Italy -Roman 2nd century -Stone + Fresco

#40 Alexander Mosaic

-310 BCE -From the house of Faun -Roman -c.100 BCE (Roman Copy) -Tiny pieces of glass -Million and a half pieces of glass.

#41 Seated Boxer

-Bronze -100 BCE -Hellenistic Greek -He has bruises and blood -Just finished boxing someone -Looking up at the victor

#42 Head of a Roman Patrician

-Republican Roman -c. 75-50 BCE -Marble -One of the fathers of a house -Shows imperfections

#43 Augustus of Prima Porta

-Imperial -Early 1st century CE -Marble -Idealized figure -Augustus had this sculpture made -Armor on his chest -God of air and goddess of earth on his armor -Has a toga, represents the senate -Cupid at his feet

#44 Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)

-Rome Italy -70-80 CE -Stone + Concrete -50,000 people can fit -Statues of famous people/gods at the time -Sand on the floor to soak the blood -16 stories high -Earthquake broke part of it

#45 Forum of Trajan

-Roman -Apollodorus of Damascus -106-112 CE -Brick+ concrete -Column completed in 133 CE -Marble -Column of trajan was in it

#46 The Pantheon

-Imperial Roman -118-125 CE -Concrete + Marble, stone, veneer, brick -Pantheon means all of the gods -Made for all the gods -Front was a temple -Giant dome on top -Oculus at top of dome

#47 Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus

-Late imperial Rome -c. 250 CE -Marble -High relief -Battle scene -Central figure in the middle, supposedly julius caesar -Classical -Tomb

#48 Catacombs of Priscilla

-Rome -c.200-400 CE -Excavated Tufa+Fresco -Underground networks graves -loculi (body chamber) -4 million bodies buried in catacombs in rome -5 levels deep

#49 Santa Sabina

-Rome, Italy -Brick+stone with wood roof -c. 422-432 CE -First church that survived after saint peters -Still used as a church today

#50 Rebecca and Eliezer and the well and Jacob wrestling the Angel from the Vienna Genesis

-Byzantine -Early 6th century -Illuminated Manuscript (pigment on vellum) -Represents holy writing -made of vellum, stretched out animal skin -used to be died purple -expensive, made more someone expensive

#51 San vitale + Theodora Mosaic

-Ravenna, Italy -Brick,Marble,Stone -526-547 CE -Mosaic (tessera) -Byzantine art often have gold sky & halos (gold sky represent heavens & halo represents holy)

#52 Hagia Sophia

-Constantinople

• (Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus Miletus)

• 532-537 CE

• Brick+ ceramic elements with stone + mosaic veneer) -Originally a christian church -Used as a museum now -pendentive helps distribute weight -Put windows in the dome to make it feel light

#53 Merovingian looped fibulae

-Early Medieval Europe -Mid 6th century -Brooches/clasp to hold your cloak -Sometimes made in zoomorphic forms

#54 Virgin (theotokos) + child between

-St. Theodore + George -Europe -6th or ealy 7th century -Encaustic on wood -Mary-mother of god -Hot wax and paint on wood

#55 Lindisfarne Gospels

-Early Medieval -Illuminated manuscript -c. 700 CE -Ink, pigments, gold, on vellum -cross in the middle

#56 Great Mosque of Cordoba

-Cordoba Spain -785-786 -Stone, Masonry -acceptance of religion -originally roman temple of jupiter -mihrab-focal point

#57 Pyxis of al-Mughira

-Ivory -c.968 -Umayyad -gift for a prince -cylindrical box -pyxides^

#58 Church of Sainte Foy

-1050-1130 -Conques, France -Stone -remains of a child killed for religious reasons inside covered in gold -held a releck ^

#59 Bayeux Tapestry

-Romanesque Europe -c. 1066-1080 CE -Embroidery -shows first norman king of England -70 meters long 50 centimeters long -telling stories in latin -75 different scenes in it

#60 Chartres Cathedral

-1145-1153 1194-1220 -Limestone -Chartres, France -apartments & cafes around it -groin vault -sculptures in archivolts -jamb figures -rose windows

#61 Dedication page of castile + king louis IX of France +scenes from the Apocalypse

-c.1226-1234 -Illuminated manuscript -Ink, tempera, + gold leaf on vellum -giving bible to her son -guy on bottom left is a munk -gold leaf on backround

#62 Rottgen Pieta

-Late Medieval Europe -c. 1300-1325 -Painted wood -Mary holding jesus after being taken off the cross -meant to remind you that your life isn't as bad as jesus'

#63 Arena Chapel

-Padua, Italy -1303 -Brick -Jato painted inside the chapel -fresco -jato was one of first renaissance painter

#64 The Golden Haggadah

-Laté medieval spain -c. 1320 -Illuminated manuscript pigment on vellum -wealthy family had it made -For jewish holidays

#65 Alhambra palace

-Grenada, Spain -1354-1391 -Whitewash Adobe stucco, tile, marble, wood -was constantly being added -alhambra-red in arabic -fortress -poetry was inspiration of the palace

#66 Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece)

-Oil on wood -Workshop of Robert Campin -1427-1432 -3 panels -early renaissance -made to sell it -2ft tall -can be folded up

#67 Pazzi Chapel

-Florence, Italy -Brunelleschi -Masonry -1429-1461 -Dome on top -meeting place for monks and the family who owned it -little holes in the dome for light

#68 The Arnolfini Portrait

-Jan van Eyck -c. 1434 -Oil on wood -wire thing on stomach to make her look pregnant/fat to represent wealth

#69 David

-Donatello -Bronze -1440-1460 -hollow -standing on severed head on goliath

#70 Palazzo Rucellai

-Florence, Italy -Leon, Battista Alberti -1450 -Stone, masonry -different levels to house different parts of the family -4 floors

#71 Madonna and Child with Two Angels

-Fra Filippo Lippi -c. 1465 -Tempera on wood -madonna refers to virgin mary -baby is jesus -fra was a monk(friar) but he was bad -painted frame

#72 Birth of Venus

-Sandro Botticelli -1484-1486 -Tempera on Canvas -goddess of beauty -idealized beautiful person -based on a poem

#73 Last Supper

-Leonardo Da Vinci -c. 1494-1498 -Oil and Tempra -15 ft tall and 30 ft long -one point perspective -Christ just told them "one of you will betray me" so all of them are looking around, asking questions, etc and christ is just reaching for bread. -Judas is the one who will betray him, he is reaching for the silver and about to leave -he painted three people at a time, mathematically

#74 Fall of man (Adam + Eve)

-Albrecht durer -Engraving -1504 CE -painted on a metal plate with ink then pressed onto canvas or whatever -they used male models that why mary looks like a guy

#75 Sistine Chapel ceiling and Alter wall

-Michael Angelo -Ceiling: 1508- Alter wall: 1512, 1536-1541 -Fresco -Delphic Sybil + the flood -Michael Angelo painted nude figures and the cardinals didn't like that they thought nude figures were inappropriate so he painted a picture of one of the cardinals on fire with a snake biting him -used by pope and cardinals to elect new pope

#76 School of Athens

-Raphael -1509-1511 -Fresco -plato and aristotle in the middle -leonardo's face is painted on plato -one point perspective -originally called "wall of philosophy"

#77 Isenheim Altarpiece

-1512-1516 -Oil on wood -Mathias Grunewald -2 healers on right and left -it unfolds

#78 Entombment of Christ

-1525-1528 -Oil on wood -Jacopo Da Pontormo -mannerism -elongated bodies and smaller heads -jesus is being lowered from the cross

#79 Allegory of Law and Grace

-1530 -Lucas Chanach the elder -Woodcut -555 -allegory-story that has symbolic meaning -basically like a stamp -what's happening in religion at the time -showing beliefs in the protestants and catholics

#80 Venus of Urbino

-1538 -Oil on canvas -Titian -made more duke of Urbino -standardized way to depict nude women from this point on -*quartazine (don't know how to spell): basically a hoe -chub was considered attractive

#81 Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza

-1541-1542 -Pigment on paper -viceroyalty of New Spain -2 rivers crossing is the x -front page of the codex mendoza -71 page book -Antonio de Mendoza, commissioned a codex to record information about the Aztec empire.

#82 II Gesu, including Triumph of the Name of Jesus ceiling fresco

-Rome, Italy -(architect) Giovanni Battisto/ Gaulli(Artist) -Facade (1568-1584)- fresco + stucco (1676-1679) -Brick, marble, stucco, and fresco -church/cathedral -baroque time period -fresco inside -fresco is of the last judgement -fresco has gold

#83 Hunters in the Snow

-1565 -Oil on wood -Peter Bruegel the Elder -commissioned by a rich person -model for later land western painters -city in frozen(the movie) Arendell

#84 Mosque of Selim II

-Sinan the Great -1568-1575 -Brick + stone -Sinan the Great was like the michelangelo of architecture -Sinans goal was to create better architecture than other religions architecture, he was islamic -blue and white dome

#85 Calling of Saint Matthew

-Cathedral chapel -Rome,Italy -Caravaggio (artist) -1597-1691 -oil on canvas (southern italy usually is oil on canvas) (northern renaissance usually oil on wood) -have to put a coin in to see the painting -Jesus in picture -dramatic shading

#86 Henry iv receives the portrait of marie de medici

-Peter paul reubens -1621-1625 -Oil on canvas -henry had this painted so he could show a women he wanted to marry (kinda like tinder) -top left is zeus and hera -he is in the painting looking at a portrait of marie de medici, the girl he wants to marry

87 Self-Portrait with Saskia

-Dutch painter, Rembrandt -Etching -1636

#88 San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

-Francesco Borromini -1638-1698 -Rome

#89 Ecstasy of Saint Teresa

-Gian lorenzo Bernini -Marble stucco + gilt -Bronze chapel -c. 1647-1652 -Rome, Italy

#90 Angel with Arquebus

-The master of colomored -Oil on canvas -c. 17 century

#91 Las Meninas

-Diego Velazquez -c. 1656 -Oil on canvas -dwarf, male escort, and artist who painted this is in it -inspired by caravaggio -Diego Velazquez believed artists were higher level thinkers -Diego is in the painting, painting the painting we are looking at.

#92 Woman Holding a Balance

-Johannes vermeer -1664 -Oil on canvas -about balance -holding a scale that weighs gold -balance of light and dark -her headscarf shows humility -mirror symbolizes vanity -done for decorative purposes not religious

#93 The Palace of Versailles

-Begun in 1669 -Louis le vau + jules hardouin mansart -Sculpture (Apollo Fountain) -Hall of mirrors- reception room -originally a hunting lodge -seperate apartments for king and queen -added on to several times -royal chamber added and opera house -lous xvi -napoleon, louis xviii, someone else added stuff -gardens

#94 Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene

-1697-1701 -Tempera, resin on wood, shell inlay -Circle of the Gonzales family -one of the screens that you change behind (biombo) -tells a story -2 sided -one side more political one more social -from mexico -inspired by japanese biombo

#95 The Virgin of Guadalupe

-Miguel Gonzalez -1698 -Oil on Canvas -Based on original Virgin of Guadalupe. -Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City -inlaid with mother-of-pearl

#96 Fruit and Insects

-Rachel Ruysch -Oil on wood -1711 -still life -female artist -contrast in colors

#97 Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

-Oil on canvas -Juan Rodriguez Juarez -1715 -series of paintings Form: -casta painting (displays mother, father, and child) possibly modeled after the Holy Family -text is the title of the piece -enlightenment Content: -woman wearing traditional Indian clothing and white father with their mixed race son (Father wearing French-style European clothing) -servant carrying the son -family appears content -racial purity=whiteness Function: -displays social status (tied up in one's racial makeup)- helped maintain European power and control Context: -artist: Juan Rodriguez Juarez -1715 CE (height of slave trade)

#98 The Tete a Tete, from Marriage a la Mode

-William Hogarth -1743 -Oil on canvas

#99 Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

-Miguel Cabrera -c. 1750 C.E. -Oil on canvas -she is a writer -painted after her death, artist did not know her -influenced by saint jerome -A nun so she could focus on her studies and not men -went against what mexican women at the time were supposed to do -first feminist of the Americas -studied science, wrote poems and plays, engaged in theological debates -born to creole family -looked down on -church and convent supported her -in library -gave up her intellectual pursuits because of hate and helped sick people in epidemic, ends up dying -wears habbot, and nuns badge -badges usually display virgin mary, they are painted -book is by saint jerome -red color shows rank and high status

#100 A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery

-Joseph Wright of Derby -c. 1763-1765 C.E. -Oil on canvas -enlightenment displayed -industrial revolution -dramatic candle lit scene -candle displays sun, circle thing displayed world -red shows authority -guy in red is lecturing -people listening