ch 2- Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential

Unit- J/C or V (volt)

Work done

relation between electric field and potential

negative gradient

electric potential at any point due to electric dipole

Potential inside the shell

same as potential at the surface of the shell

what is an equipotential surface

surface in which electric potential is same at all points.

properties of equipotential surface

• no work is required to move charge through equipotential surface

• two equipotential surfaces never intersect

capcitance

ratio of charge to potential
unit- F

parallel plate capacitance equation, how to increase capacitance

increase the area of the plates

decrease the distance between the plates

Capacitor in parallel
Capacitor in series

C_eff=C₁+C₂

1/C_eff=1/C₁+1/C₂

Energy stored in a capcitor

W=Q²/2C

energy density

U/V (V=A*d)