Unit 2 Vocab | AP CSP

Computing Device

a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

Computing System

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

Computing Network

a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

Path

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

Bandwidth

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

IP Address

A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet

Packets

Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.

Protocol

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Router

A computer which receives messages traveling across a network and forwards them towards their intended destinations

Network Redundancy

having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure.

Fault Tolerant

This can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. This is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups.

Packets

Small chunks of information that have been formed from larger chunks of information

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TIP/IP in writing.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

A communications protocol that is primarily used for low-latency and loss-tolerating connections such as streaming services. Packets are sent, but no error checking is performed and lost packets are not replaced