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Adjutant
A ceremonial position in reviews and parades and responsible to the troop or group commander. The adjutant forms the unit at the beginning of the review or parade. The adjutant’s cadence is 140 steps per minute.
Alignment
Dress or cover
Base
The element on which a movement is planned, regulated, or aligned.
Cadence
The uniform step and rhythm in marching; that is, the number of steps marched per minute.
Center
The middle point of a formation. On an odd-numbered front, the center is the center person or element. On an even-numbered front, the center is the right center person or element. All personnel in formation (including Guide and Flight Sergeant) are counted in determining the front in line.
Cover
Individuals aligning themselves directly behind the person to their immediate front while maintaining proper distance.
Depth
The total space from front to rear of any formation. An individual’s depth is considered to be 12 inches.
Distance
The space from front to rear between units. The distance between individuals in formation is 40 inches as measured from their chests to the backs of individuals directly in front of them. Flight commanders, guides, and others whose positions in formation are 40 inches from a rank are themselves considered a rank.
Double Time
The rate of marching at 180 steps (30 inches in length) per minute.
Dress
Alignment of elements side by side or in line maintaining proper interval.
Element
The basic formation; that is, the smallest drill unit comprised of at least 3, but usually 8 to 12 individuals, one of whom is designated the element leader.
File
A single column of persons placed one behind the other.
Final Line
The line on which the adjutant forms the front rank of Airmen for a parade or review.
Flank
The extreme right or left (Airmen’s right or left) side of a formation in line or in column.
Flight
At least two, but not more than four, elements.
Formation
An arrangement of units.
Front
The space occupied by a unit, measured from flank to flank. The front of an individual is considered to be 22 inches.
Guide
The Airman designated to regulate the direction and rate of march.
Head
The leading unit of a column.
In Column
A formation with guide and element leaders to the front of each unit.
In Line
A formation with the guide and element leaders to the extreme right flank of each unit.
Interval
The space between individuals placed side by side. Normal interval is an arm’s length. Close interval is 4 inches.
Inverted Column
A formation with guide and element leaders to the rear of each unit.
Inverted Line
A formation with the guide and element leaders to the extreme left flank of each unit.
Line of March
A line followed by Airmen as they pass in review.
Mark Time
Marching in place at a rate of 100 to 120 steps per minute.
Mass Formation
The formation of a squadron or group in which the component units are in column, abreast of each other, and at close interval.
Pace
A step of 24 inches. This is the length of a full step in quick time.
Post
The correct place for an officer, noncommissioned officer (NCO), or Airman to stand while in formation.
Quick Time
The rate of marching at 100 to 120 steps (12 or 24 inches in length) per minute.
Rank
A single line of persons placed side by side.
Ready Line
A forming line 20 paces to the rear of the final line where Airmen are formed for a parade or review at an established time prior to Adjutant’s Call.
Reviewing Officer
The senior officer participating in a parade or review.
Slow Time
The rate of marching at 60 steps per minute (used in funeral ceremonies).
Step
The distance measured from heel to heel between the feet of an individual marching.
Unit
Any portion of a given formation.
Note
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