Physics formulas for forces and motion, pressure and energy

time period of an experiment

average/no of oscillations

weight

mass x gravity

speed

distance/time

velocity

displacement/time

acceleration

(final velocity - initial velocity)/time

distance/time graphs

gradient = speed

speed/time graphs

area = distance gradient = acceleration

momentum

mass x velocity

change in momentum

mass x (initial - final velocity)

resultant force

change in momentum/time or mass x acceleration

conservation of momentum

momentum before and after the collision is the same or m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2

impulse

change in momentum or force x time

moment

force x perpendicular distance from pivot

pressure

force/area calculate weight for force

pressure of a gas

p1v1 = p2v2 if temperature is constant

pressure in liquids

density x gravity x height

total pressure

liquid pressure + atmospheric pressure

atmospheric pressure

1 x 10^5 pa

work

force x displacement or energy transferred

work done by gravity

weight x height

kinetic energy

(mass x velocity^2)/2

gravitational potential energy

gravity x mass x height

power

work/time or energy/time or force x speed rate at which energy is converted

efficiency

useful output/input x100 (if asked) or  useful work done / total energy output