Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the chromosomal basis of inheritance and the flow of genetic information.

Chromosome

A structure consisting of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information.

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material of living organisms.

Gene Expression

The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually proteins.

Mendelian Genetics

The study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

Bacterial Transformation

The process by which a bacterium takes up foreign DNA from its environment.

Nucleic Acid

Biomolecules, including DNA and RNA, essential for all forms of life that carry genetic information.

Chargaff's Rules

The observation that in DNA, the amount of adenine equals thymine and the amount of cytosine equals guanine.

T2 Phage

A type of bacteriophage that infects E. coli and is used in molecular biology studies.

Pathogenic Strain

A strain of bacteria that can cause disease.

Transformation Principle

The concept that DNA from one organism can change the genotype of another organism.