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These flashcards cover key concepts related to factors affecting solubility, including thermodynamic processes and interactions involved in solution formation.
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Heat of Hydration
The energy change associated with the interaction between water molecules and ions from the solute.
Endothermic Process
A process that absorbs heat, resulting in a positive change in enthalpy (ΔH > 0) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic Process
A process that releases heat, resulting in a negative change in enthalpy (ΔH < 0) when bonds are formed.
Ion-Dipole Interactions
Attractive forces that occur between an ion and a polar molecule, essential for hydration.
Saturated Solution
A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.
Supersaturated Solution
A solution that contains more solute than can theoretically dissolve at a given temperature; unstable.
Henry’s Law
States that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.
Lattice Energy
The energy associated with the formation of a crystalline lattice from gaseous ions, typically exothermic.