Comprehensive Blood Tests and Diagnostic Imaging in Medical Practice

What are erythrocytes commonly known as?

Red Blood Cells (RBC)

What is the normal range of hematocrit for males?

41% to 50% of blood volume

What condition is indicated by an elevated white blood cell count?

Leukocytosis, which can be caused by stress or cancer

What is leukopenia?

A condition characterized by a low white blood cell count, often associated with chronic illness.

What does polycythemia indicate?

An increase in red blood cells, which can be due to dehydration.

What is the normal range of hemoglobin for women?

12 to 15.5 g/dL

What is the purpose of a Complete Blood Count (CBC)?

To assess overall health and detect a variety of disorders, including anemia and infection.

What is the normal platelet count range?

150,000 to 400,000 platelets per microliter of blood.

What is prothrombin time (PT)?

A crucial coagulation test that measures the effectiveness of the extrinsic and common pathway in blood clotting.

What are the normal PT values?

11 to 13 seconds.

What does hyponatremia indicate?

Low sodium levels, which can cause symptoms like vomiting and confusion.

What is the normal potassium range?

3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.

What condition is indicated by hyperkalemia?

High potassium levels, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness.

What does creatinine indicate in blood tests?

It is a waste product of muscle metabolism that serves as an indicator of kidney function.

What is the normal range for blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?

10 to 20 mg/dL.

What does high glucose indicate?

Possible stress, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or pancreatitis.

What is the normal range for alanine aminotransferase (ALT)?

7 to 55 units/L.

What does elevated bilirubin indicate?

Possible liver disease or biliary tract obstruction.

What is the normal range for total protein in the blood?

54 to 83 g/L.

What does a high level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) indicate?

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

What imaging technique uses high energy electromagnetic radiation?

X-ray.

What is the purpose of a CT scan?

To create a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of body structures.

What does MRI stand for and what does it use?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, which uses a magnetic field and radio frequency to create detailed images.

What is the primary use of ultrasound in medical imaging?

To produce images of internal structures using high-frequency sound waves.