micro1 Chapter 3 – Infection & Immunity

A set of flashcards designed to help review key concepts and terms related to infection and immunity.

What is the difference between infection and disease?

Infection occurs when an organism multiplies, while disease is when there is an infection accompanied by symptoms.

What are primary pathogens?

Primary pathogens are organisms that can cause disease in a healthy host.

What are opportunistic pathogens?

Opportunistic pathogens are organisms that cause disease in a host with weakened immune defenses.

What is the normal flora of the skin?

The normal flora of the skin includes Staphylococcus.

What are the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract?

The normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract includes Enterobacteriaceae and anaerobes.

What is the normal flora of the respiratory tract?

The normal flora of the respiratory tract includes Streptococci.

What is the normal flora of the genitourinary tract in females?

The normal flora of the genitourinary tract in females includes Lactobacillus.

What are the two types of immunity?

The two types of immunity are innate immunity and adaptive immunity.

What is an example of innate immunity?

Examples of innate immunity include skin, phagocytes, and complement.

What are B cells responsible for in adaptive immunity?

B cells are responsible for antibody production in adaptive immunity.

What is the role of T cells in adaptive immunity?

T cells are responsible for cell-mediated responses in adaptive immunity.

What is the most abundant immunoglobulin?

IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin and can cross the placenta.

What is the role of IgA?

IgA is found in secretions.

What type of immunoglobulin is produced first in an acute infection?

IgM is produced first in an acute infection.

What is IgE associated with?

IgE is associated with allergic reactions.

What are some virulence factors?

Virulence factors include capsule, exotoxin, endotoxin (LPS), and enzymes.