GEOG 100 FINAL EXAM

The austral has the ____ least population

2nd

Why is it called the austral realm?

Latin for south

Austral realm is historically

Western/European

Today austral realm turns toward

Asia

Why does austral now turn to Asia

Immigration- Asian over European
Trade Asias rise-more Asian trade

Austral #1 trade partner

China

Perphireral development in austral realm

Aridity of Australia
Lack of rivers

Why are there so few rivers in Australia

No colossal mountain ranges

Why has New Zealand developed peripherally

HUGE mountains

Bio geography

Special study of flora and fauna
Plants- phytogeography
Animals- zoo geography

Gympie gympie stinging tree

Nero toxins

Wallace's line

Big mammals

Webers line

Marsupials

Kangaroos loved

Logos

Kangaroos loathed

Issues
Cause 80% of animal/ vehicle accidents
Damage crops and compete with livestock for scarce resources

Black tailed dusky antechinus

Discovered in 2018
Endangered 2015
Suicidal sex

Crocodiles

Inhabit almost every waterway

Southern Ocean

Circles clockwise around Antarctica
Created in 2000
Flows west to east
Extends from Antarctica to 60 degrees latitude
2x the side of the US

Ocean boundaries

Roaring 40s
Furious 50s
Screaming 60s

Ocean Eddie's

Circular current

Austral realm regions

Australia and New Zealand

Why aren't there more subregions in the austral realm

Simple physiography
Small population

Where do people live in Australia

Coastal rimland
Humid temperatures

Where do people live in New Zealand

Live on outside and back of island

Australian bush fires

Above average temps

Mice invasion

No major predators

Sheep outnumber cattle

3:1

Environment of the Outback

Vast land area

Outback way road

Longest short cut

The Outback. Is similar to

Rhe North American interior

Alice springs

Cultural capital of the Outback

Waltzing Matilda

The unofficial national anthem of Australia

Aborigines

Native people of Australia

Uluru

Massive rock in the Great Sandy Desert also known as Ayer's Rock. [Australia]

Australia is __ % urban

86

__/3 of Australians live in major cities

2

Sydney is the ______ of Australia

New York

Multicultural capital of the world

Cabramalta

Melbourne

The Boston of Australia

Brisbane

Miami if Australia

Adelaide

20-minute city

Perth

Worlds most isolated metropolis

Sydney

Global world city

New Zealand

British heritage

The pacific realm cover almost ______ the globe

Half

Great pacific garbage patch

Human environmental impact

Ocean stores more than _____% of the worlds heat

90

The pacific realm is the ______ realm

Largest realm

Zealandia

Lost continent

What was the pacific named after

Ocean claimed by Magellan it meant peaceful

Middle of nowhere

Point Nemo

Antipode

Any place on earth is the point on earths surface diametrically opposite to it

What's the lowest point on earth

Challenger deep in Mariana Trench

Marianna trench

Crescent shaped

Who has jurisdiction over the trench

Guam-> US

3types of landforms

High islands
Low lands
Atolls

High elevation volcanoes

High islands

Lowlands

More common sediment and coral low elevation

Life is easier on the high islands

True

Atolls

Ring shaped rim of volcano, sea level uninhabitable

Form through an active volcano being eroded away by waves that then allow coral to develop

How atolls form

Bikini atoll

nuclear tests by US 23 detonation

Marine geography

Study of oceans and seas

Territorial sea

Waters a state claims off its coast

High seas

Free open waters

UNLOS establishes

12 mi territorial sea for all countries
200 mi eez

What's the impact of an eez for the pacific

Big countries can't squat in your backyard

Maritime boundaries will become more important where in the future

The article ocean

3 regions of the pacific realm

Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia

Melanesia is the most ________ region

Populated

Papa New Guinea

Over 800 languages
1/3 Illiterate
Wantok

Melanesia

Solomon Islands
129 languages
Guadalcanal
New Caledonia
Former penal colony

Fiji

Sugar plantation

Micronesia

Smaller islands
Mostly low lands
Foreign aid
Political union with the us

Polynesia

Hawaiian and midway
Heart of the pacific 2x as large

Easter island

An island in the eastern Pacific Ocean, part of Polynesia, known for its giant human head statues.

High island- 3 extinct volcanoes

Easter island

'Ecocide' caused societal collapse

Easter island

Most of food and supplies are brought from Chile

Easter island

How did Hawaii form

hot spot

Mauna Kea

tallest mountain when measured from base to peak

My Everest

Tallest mountain above sea level

Mount Chimborazo

an inactive volcano in Ecuador; summit is furthest point from the center of the earth in the world

Largest mountain in the solar system

Olympus Mons

The largest city in the pacific

Honolulu

International date line

Began 1884

state choice

International date line

Shifting international date line

Samoa switches to be three hours ahead of Sydney instead of 21 hours behind

What direction does the pacific realm look

To the west towards china and Australia

First place on earth that saw the 21st century

Millennium island

Last place on earth to ring in the new year

American Samoa

Antarctica is almost _____ the size of

Australia

White desert

Antarctica average of six inches of precipitation per year

Home of the blizzard

The South Pole was discovered in

1911

Why are claims important in Antarctica

Resources

Why are there no maritime claims in Antarctica

International treaty says that Antarctica is for research only

Why the odd tails in Antarctica

It the Andes mountains that resurfaced from the ocean

Which is larger the Arctic Ocean or Antarctica

Antarctica

Globalization

The gradual reduction of regional differ at the world scale, resulting from increasing international cultural, economic, and political interaction