American Experience Week 7

market revolution

The expansion of economic, westward expansion, slavery, industrial, cities and democracy.

turnpikes

prelude to more important improvements such as canals and railroads, and allowed easier navigation through rough terrains

canals

connected and integrated the U.S economy

Erie Canal

Spurred the first great westward movement of American settlers, gave access to the rich land and resources west of the Appalachians and made New York the preeminent commercial city in the United States.

Robert Fulton

build the worlds first successful steamboat

Steamboats

instrumental in the transportation revolution, and made rivers even more valuable

Clermont

The first successful steamboat was the ______, which was built by American inventor Robert Fulton in 1807.

Eli Whitney

Who invented the cotton gin?

cotton gin

a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds

Francis Lowell

built up an American textile manufacturing industry

Lowell Mills

textile factory founded by Lowell and investors.

Andrew Jackson and his supporters

Who called John Quincy Adams election a corrupt bargain?

John Quincy Adams

Who won the election of 1824?

Andrew Jackson

whose campaign slogan was “A man for the people”?

no

Did Andrew Jackson have any previous political experience?

True

None of the four candidates of the election of 1824 won majority. T/F

Henry Clay

Who became Secretary of State for John Quincy Adams?

Secretary of State

A position that can be seen as a stepping stone to presidency?

Andrew Jackson

Who created the Democratic Party?

True

Unity in the nation collapsed when the 2nd party system was created?

Andrew Jackson

Who won the election of 1828?

Indians

One major conflict that Jackson engaged with was war with _____

Rights

One major conflict that Jackson engaged with was war over states’ ____.

Bank

One major conflict that Jackson engaged with was war with the National ____.

Georgia

What state passed the Indian Removal Act in 1830, providing funds for relocating Indian Tribes?

True

The Supreme Court ruled that Georgia had no right to remove the Indians in Georgia. T/F

Ignored

Andrew Jackson ____ the Supreme Court Ruling of the Indian Removal Act?

about 15,000 people

How many people traveled West along the Trail of Tears?

¼ of the people

How many people died along the Trail of Tears?

Nullification Crisis

in U.S. history, confrontation between the state of South Carolina and the federal government in 1832–33 over the former's attempt to declare null and void within the state the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.

nullification crisis

Tariffs hurt the southern states and benefit the northern states was part of what?

Tariff of Abominations

a protective tariff passed in the early 19th century to support growing domestic industries by raising the costs of imported goods

The South Carolina Exposition and Protest

What piece outlined the right of nullification and secession, and introduced interesting debates about the nature of the constitution?

John Calhoun

Who authorized the South Carolina exposition and protest?

Vice President to Andrew Jackson

Who was John Calhoun?

Tariff of 1832

an attempt to address Southern grievances over the high protective duties imposed by the Tariff of 1828.

Force Act

What act did congress pass that threatened military action, to intervene and enforce congressional authority, and forced South Carolina to back down?

Nullification Crisis

in U.S. history, confrontation between the state of South Carolina and the federal government in 1832–33 over the former's attempt to declare null and void within the state the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.

Andrew Jackson

Who placed himself above the authority of congress and forced the national bank to close down?

Andrew Jackson

Who served as a representative of democritization?

Whigs

What was the name for the people who oppposed the monarchy and opposed Jackson’s overreach?

national republicans

The Whigs were formerly known as what?

12

How many bills did Andrew Jackson veto?

tyrant

Andrew Jackson was seen as acting as a ___?

2nd Great Awakening

What was the period of intesnse religious revival called that claimed “conviction that human society can look more heavenly?

1820s-1830s

What was the time frame of the Second Great Awakening?

authority, instability

The second Great Awakening was a response to the changing economic circumstances, challenging traditional bonds of ____ and contributes to _____

12

Regular church attendance in rural areas was between 10-?%

established churches

Rapid westward movement contributed to the delcine in belief because no _____ _____ were in new communities.

Urban areas

Individualism, changing social and economic conditions, and social disorder (drinking, crime, poverty) contributed to the sense that religion was declining in what areas?

1801

When did the revial in Cane Ridge, Kentucky begin?

Camp meetings

What were the meetings called in rural, isolated, homestead areas, organized to participate in socialization?

Revival in Cane Ridge, Kentucky

What revial exploded into an emotional religious even that spread into more camp meetings?

“Burned Over District”

The term derived from the belief that the revivalism left no other person to be Christianized, just like a forest fire burning everything in its path.

Upstate New York

What area did “Burned Over District” refer to?

Charles Finney

Who was the influencial man during the second great awakening that emphasized personal role in salvation, and was very works based?

no

Was the second great awakening calvinistic?

Methodist

The second great awakening brought the expansion of new denominations. What denomination became the largest?

church

____ governement shifted to reflect political beliefs

Education

___ became less valued, which led to a larger numper of minister? Valued passion more…

Mormonism

What denomination was founded by Joseph Smith?

1830

When was the book of mormon written?

Joseph Smith

Who was presecuted for his beliefs, support of polygamy, and baptism of the dead?

Bringham Young

Who led the mormons to Utah?

Shakers

Who were the people called who created Utopian settlements in New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. Responed to sociatal concerns, up to 60,000 total members.

shakers

What Utpian group advocated for celibacy because sexual activity was seen as problematic for society?

Oneida

Founded in 1836 as a response to cultural ideas, recognition that econmic separation and communal owenership. Emphasized complex marriage, not huge.

New Harmony

Utopian socialist community, by Robert Owen, Reflected “Healthy Society”, Indiana Socialist Community